Decomposing productivity growth in the Indian sugar industry

Kumar, Sudhir; Abdulla,

doi:10.5958/0974-0279.2022.00006.4

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Over the last two decades, these nations have been competing with one another in offering intermediary IT sector business, working as business-to-business models in the global IT industry. These nations have emerged as significant participants in the global IT markets because of their wide differential wage structuring, low labor cost, high quality, availability of expertise labor pool and their capabilities of handling 24 Â 7 IT projects from the multinational corporations (MNCs) of global IT industries (Heeks, 1998;Arora and Gambardella, 2006;Kumar, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An appraisal of India’s comparative advantage in information technology exports

Malik

Anandarao²,

Dar³

2023

JCEFTS

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to estimate revealed comparative advantage and normalized revealed comparative advantage (NRCA) indices of India’s computer and information services (CIS) export competitiveness with regard to information technology (IT) competing developing nations, such as China, Philippines, Malaysia and Brazil. Design/methodology/approach Using annual data of total exports for CIS, transportation (TNS), travel (TVL) and insurance (INS) services under service categories of the balance of payment, the present study estimates the pattern of comparative advantage (CA) in India’s CIS exports with respect to IT competing developing nations such as China, Philippines, Malaysia and Brazil from 2000 to 2018. The choice of the study period is determined by the availability of consistent data on IT service exports of these nations. The study also estimates the export position of CIS export in comparison to India’s traditionally strong commercial services export of TNS, TVL and INS during the study period. Findings Both the indices showed that India had a strong CA in CIS compared to the selected nations, indicating India’s relative export performance to be stronger than that of China, Malaysia, Philippines and Brazil. The cross-service index showed that India’s relative specialization level in CIS with respect to the world’s average specialization level was stronger than its relative specialization level in TNS, TVL and INS services. Furthermore, The NRCA cross-nation index showed that India’s NRCA index score has been declining since 2010 with respect to these nations, which implied a decline in the competitiveness of CIS. On the other hand, NRCA has increased in the case of Philippines, Malaysia and Brazil for most of the period post-2010. Research limitations/implications IT is a dynamic area of economic activity, and when the pace of change is so rapid, the relevance of individual factors can change over time. The study period is also limited to the available data. Practical implications The paper has implications for attaining sustainability in IT export growth. It is suggested that policies are directed at enhancing the overall performance of IT sector. Originality/value The novelty of the present study lies in the estimation of India’s competitiveness in IT exports in relation to the group of reference countries. With its policy recommendations, this research is helping to shape the sustainability of the IT sector.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An appraisal of India’s comparative advantage in information technology exports

Malik

Anandarao²,

Dar³

2023

JCEFTS

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“…(12) finds that "paddy and wheat, the leading essential food grains, have performed well in productivity gains." (13). Analyzing the historical trend in the expansion of agricultural output and productivity in Odisha and suggesting a direction for its development requires looking at the rising figure of the area, production and yield of major crops (14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of Sustainable Nutrition Security and Agricultural Production in Odisha

Mohanty¹,

Mallick²

2022

ECS Trans.

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The sustainable development goals (SDGs) vision 2030 creates a centralized structure of international collaboration to encourage sustainable development. The challenge for countries around the globe is lack of nutrition, which is vital not only for human growth and development, but also for treatment and prevention of diseases. The second SDG, "End hunger, achieve food security and better nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture," includes nutrition as a key component to enhance healthy, sustainable diets while simultaneously ensuring global food security. Good nutrition is dependent on availability and supply of food. Agriculture is the backbone of all food systems and it is important for ensuring healthy, safe, affordable, and sustainable diets for children. On the other hand, the association between agriculture and nutrition status is far from clear. Agriculture continues to be Odisha’s economic backbone and a key source of livelihood for majority of the state's population, mostly concentrated in rural areas. Researches done in areas of the growing trend of agriculture production and nutritional status of Odisha are generally lacking the interlink between these two. An effort has been made in the present paper to connect these two vital areas of research through Govt. programs (TPDS, MDM, and ICDS), implemented by the Government of Odisha.

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“…In the Indian context, previous research has sought to explain the causes and consequences of agricultural production risks by analysing its different aspects, both at farm-level (Chand & Raju, 2008) and at aggregate level (Hazell, 1982;Mahendradev, 1987;Sharma et al, 2006;Kumar & Jain, 2013). A further branch of the literature has investigated risk preferences, with the aim of understanding how Indian farmers' degree of risk aversion shapes their decisions and outcomes (Binswanger, 1980;more recently Kurosaki, 2001).…”

Section: Conceptual Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can social capital help Indian smallholder farmers? Analysis of its impact on rural development, agricultural efficiency, production and risk

Poli¹

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This research project intends to investigate empirically the potentials of Social Capital to act as a mechanism to improve the performance of India's small-holder agriculture. The study employs both a qualitative and quantitative research approach. The qualitative analysis aims to provide initial empirical evidence of the relationship between social capital, smallholder's production costs and long-standing production constraints. Results indicate that all three dimensions of social capital i.e. collective production, information sharing and trust and mutuality, are significant in explaining farmers' production costs and productivity levels, representing a vital determinant of poor smallholder performance. The quantitative part of the analysis is then set out to provide a two-fold contribution to the state of knowledge on social capital: assess the effect of Social Capital on productive efficiency on one side and assess its impact on farmer's vulnerability and output risk on the other. The first line of investigation uses a stochastic frontier analysis to analyze the contribution of social capital to the productive efficiency of small-holder Indian farmers. To our knowledge, it is the first time that social capital is investigated into its separate functional parts from this analytical viewpoint, using a parametric approach. Results from this part of the research suggest that higher levels of technical efficiency are obtained when small-holder farmers use higher levels of social capital. Specifically, the aspects of social capital that greatly influence efficiency and productivity levels are information sharing and collective production. Following the research findings, efficiency ratings are also positively correlated with social capital levels. Moreover, the strengthening of social capital result to be particularly effective in improving productive efficiency of less educated and less experienced/younger farmers. By the second line of investigation, this research contributes to the academic literature offering the first study to analyse empirically the impact of social capital on production risk in a developing country's setting. The effects of social capital on the productivity and the riskiness of India's smallholder agriculture are explored using the Just-Pope (1978) production function. Our results suggest social capital to be the input with the highest contribution to productivity after labour. Another interesting result is that social capital can be risk increasing, even when its effect on risk improves farmer welfare. This is a very interesting research topic, given the magnitude of social, institutional, economic and technical constraints faced by this category of farmers who have trouble increasing conventional input use such as land, capital, labour, etc. In this context, social capital may enhance agricultural production where other conventional inputs are hard to improve. Our findings could be particularly useful in providing policy makers with clear guidelines to identify and mobilize local social capital in order to effectively improve the sustainability of Indian agriculture and its impact on poverty. Este proyecto de investigación se propone estudiar empíricamente el potencial del Capital Social para que actúe como mecanismo de mejora del rendimiento entre los pequeños agricultores de la India. El estudio emplea un enfoque de investigación tanto cualitativa como cuantitativa. El análisis cualitativo tiene como objetivo proporcionar evidencia empírica de la relación entre el Capital Social, los costes de producción de los pequeños agricultores y sus restricciones de producción. Los resultados indican que las tres dimensiones del Capital Social, es decir, producción colectiva, intercambio de información y confianza y reciprocidad, son significativas en la explicación de los costes de producción y los niveles de productividad de los agricultores, lo que representa un importante determinante del rendimiento entre los pequeños agricultores pobres. La parte cuantitativa del análisis se establece con el fin de proporcionar una doble contribución al estado actual del conocimiento sobre el capital social: evaluar el efecto del capital social en la eficiencia productiva de un lado, y evaluar su impacto en la vulnerabilidad y el riesgo de producción de los agricultores por el otro. La primera línea de investigación utiliza un análisis de frontera estocástica para examinar la contribución del capital social en la eficiencia productiva de los pequeños agricultores de la India. Según nuestro conocimiento, es la primera vez que el capital social se investiga desde este punto de vista analítico en sus partes funcionales por separado, utilizando un enfoque paramétrico. Los resultados de esta parte de la investigación sugieren que niveles más altos de eficiencia técnica se obtienen cuando los pequeños agricultores utilizan mayores niveles de capital social. En concreto, los aspectos del capital social que influyen en gran medida los niveles de eficiencia y productividad son el intercambio de información y la producción colectiva. Siguiendo los resultados de la investigación, los índices de eficiencia también se correlacionan positivamente con los niveles de capital social. Además, el desarrollo del capital social resulta particularmente eficaz en la mejora de la eficiencia productiva de los menos educados y menos experimentados/jóvenes agricultores. En la segunda línea de investigación, este estudio contribuye a la literatura académica ofreciendo el primer estudio que analiza empíricamente el impacto del capital social sobre el riesgo de producción en el marco de un país en desarrollo. Los efectos del capital social en la productividad y el riesgo de los pequeños agricultores de la India se exploran mediante la función de producción Just-Pope (1978). Nuestros resultados sugieren que el capital social es el input de mayor contribución a la producción después del trabajo. Otro resultado interesante es que el capital social puede incrementar el riesgo, incluso cuando su efecto sobre el riesgo mejora el bienestar de los agricultores. Se trata de un tema de investigación muy interesante, dada la magnitud de las limitaciones sociales, institucionales, económicas y técnicas que enfrenta esta categoría de agricultores que tienen problemas para aumentar el uso de inputs convencionales tales como tierra, capital, mano de obra, etc. En este contexto, el capital social puede mejorar la producción agrícola, donde otros inputs convencionales son difíciles de incrementar. Nuestros hallazgos podrían ser particularmente útiles en proveer a los responsables políticos con directrices claras para identificar y movilizar el capital social local con el fin de mejorar efectivamente la sostenibilidad de la agricultura en la India y su impacto en la pobreza.

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Decomposing productivity growth in the Indian sugar industry

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

An appraisal of India’s comparative advantage in information technology exports

An appraisal of India’s comparative advantage in information technology exports

A Study of Sustainable Nutrition Security and Agricultural Production in Odisha

Can social capital help Indian smallholder farmers? Analysis of its impact on rural development, agricultural efficiency, production and risk

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