Decolorization of Synthetic Dyes and Textile Effluents by Basidiomycetous Fungi

Abstract

Decolorization of six synthetic dyes and two raw textile effluents (A and B) by eight basidiomycetous fungi was investigated. Among eight basidiomycetous fungi, fungal isolate RCK-1 decolorized textile effluent A maximally (42%), while fungal isolate RCK-3 was found to decolorize more of Congo Red (69%), Xylidine Ponceau 2R (100%), Poly R-478 (96%), Indigo Carmine (99%), Lissamine Green B (90%), Toluidine Blue (57%) and textile effluent B (54%), than the rest of fungi. Percentage decolorization of all synthetic dyes and textile effluents by the new fungal isolates RCK-1 and RCK-3 was higher compared to the most widely studied simultaneous lignin degrader, Phanerochaete chrysosporium and selective lignin degrader, Pycnoporus cinnabarinus, when tested in liquid cultures. A statistically significant positive correlation between laccase production and decolorization of dyes and effluents was obtained as compared to other ligninolytic enzymes (lignin peroxidase and manganese peroxidase) production. This showed the importance of the differential contribution of the different ligninolytic enzymes towards the decolorization of the synthetic dyes and textile effluents. The substantially higher ligninolytic enzyme production by the fungal isolates RCK-1 and RCK-3 also suggested their potential use for textile effluent treatment and other possible biotechnological applications.

Integrated fungal biomass and activated sludge treatment for textile wastewaters bioremediation

“…Interestingly, the strains with the highest decolourisation activity showed also the highest Lac (T. pubescens) and peroxidase activities (B. adusta MUT 2295 and P. spadiceum), indicating a good correlation between these enzymes and dye degradation, as already observed in a previous work (Anastasi et al, 2011) and by other authors ( Diwaniyan et al, 2010). Very high Lac activities values were also produced by the strain T. versicolor, the forth in terms of decolourisation efficiency (about 60% DP in 24 h).…”

Laccase production by Coriolopsis caperata RCK2011: Optimization under solid state fermentation by Taguchi DOE methodology

“…The enzyme solution thus obtained was assayed for laccase activity. Laccase (EC 1.10.3.2) activity was measured using Guaiacol as a substrate294142. The reaction mixture (1 ml) contained 0.1 ml of the enzyme extract and 0.9 ml Guaiacol (10 mM) prepared in 100 mM citrate phosphate buffer (pH 5.0).…”

Biological Treatment of Reactive Black 5 by Resupinate White Rot Fungus Phanerochaete sordida PBU 0057

“…The cultures were visually monitored daily for decoloration of the medium by the change from dark blue of RB5 to the slight yellow of MEA. Strains that decolorized the RB5 thoroughly on solid MEA within 5 days were subsequently tested for the ability to decolorize RB5 in liquid medium (modifi ed malt extract broth) [34]. Two agar discs (8 mm diam) from the periphery of a fi ve-day-old MEA colony were used to inoculate modifi ed malt extract broth (100 ml/ 250-ml Erlenmeyer fl ask), with incubation at 30ºC under static conditions for three days.…”

“…Incubation was continued with agitation at 150 rpm. Mycelia in the culture were separated by fi ltration through fi lter paper (Whatman No.1) and extracted with ethanol-water (1:1) for 1 h to desorb the dye [34]. The absorbance of residual RB5 was monitored * Intensity and/or diameter ratio of activity zone and mycelial zone (+), lack of activity (-).…”