Decoding Neurodegeneration: A Comprehensive Review of Molecular Mechanisms, Genetic Influences, and Therapeutic Innovations

Abstract

Neurodegenerative disorders often acquire due to genetic predispositions and genomic alterations after exposure to multiple risk factors. The most commonly found pathologies are variations of dementia, such as frontotemporal dementia and Lewy body dementia, as well as rare subtypes of cerebral and cerebellar atrophy-based syndromes. In an emerging era of biomedical advances, molecular–cellular studies offer an essential avenue for a thorough recognition of the underlying mechanisms and their possible implications in the patient’s symptomatology. This comprehensive review is focused on deciphering molecular mechanisms and the implications regarding those pathologies’ clinical advancement and provides an analytical overview of genetic mutations in the case of neurodegenerative disorders. With the help of well-developed modern genetic investigations, these clinically complex disturbances are highly understood nowadays, being an important step in establishing molecularly targeted therapies and implementing those approaches in the physician’s practice.

Revolutionizing pediatric neuroblastoma treatment: unraveling new molecular targets for precision interventions

“…As diagnostic and molecular profiling technologies progress rapidly, researchers are also witnessing the identification of potential targets for treatment ( Advani et al, 2022 ). Molecular targeted therapy for genomic abnormalities and disrupted pathways offers a promising and innovative approach to NB treatment ( Jones et al, 2019 ; Voicu et al, 2023 ). This approach holds the potential to enhance treatment effectiveness while minimizing adverse effects.…”