Decoding neural responses to temporal cues for sound localization

Goodman, Dan F. M.; Benichoux, Victor; Brette, Romain

doi:10.7554/elife.01312

Cited by 51 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…For example, the spatial sensitivity of a relatively small proportion of the neurons recorded in different cortical areas is affected when cats carry out an auditory task, implying that a specific subset of the neuronal population may be particularly important during behavior depending on the stimulus or task involved [4]. Similarly, studies of sound localization in complex or abnormal hearing conditions can provide further constraints for deciding between candidate population codes, with recent work highlighting the importance of neuronal heterogeneity within each hemisphere for representing sound source location [9 , [93][94][95].…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sound localization in a changing world

Keating

King

2015

Current Opinion in Neurobiology

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In natural environments, neural systems must be continuously updated to reflect changes in sensory inputs and behavioral goals. Recent studies of sound localization have shown that adaptation and learning involve multiple mechanisms that operate at different timescales and stages of processing, with other sensory and motor-related inputs playing a key role. We are only just beginning to understand, however, how these processes interact with one another to produce adaptive changes at the level of neuronal populations and behavior. Because there is no explicit map of auditory space in the cortex, studies of sound localization may also provide much broader insight into the plasticity of complex neural representations that are not topographically organized.

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Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sound localization in a changing world

Keating

King

2015

Current Opinion in Neurobiology

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“…Unfortunately, this conclusion is entirely based on the fallacy of the overwise neuron. If confounding dimensions are not neglected, then the opposite conclusion follows: as in the case of cones, heterogeneity of ITD tunings is crucial to resolve the ambiguities due to non-spatial dimensions of sounds (Brette, 2010;Goodman et al, 2013).…”

Section: Slope Codingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is coding a relevant metaphor for the brain?

Brette

2017

Preprint

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Abstract"Neural coding" is a popular metaphor in neuroscience, where objective properties of the world are communicated to the brain in the form of spikes. Here I argue that this metaphor is often inappropriate and misleading. First, when neurons are said to encode experimental parameters, the implied communication channel consists of both the experimental and biological system. Thus, the terms "neural code" are used inappropriately when "neuroexperimental code" would be more accurate, although less insightful. Second, the brain cannot be presumed to decode neural messages into objective properties of the world, since it never gets to observe those properties. To avoid dualism, codes must relate not to external properties but to internal sensorimotor models. Because this requires structured representations, neural assemblies cannot be the basis of such codes. Third, a message is informative to the extent that the reader understands its language. But the neural code is private to the encoder since only the message is communicated: each neuron speaks its own language. It follows that in the neural coding metaphor, the brain is a Tower of Babel. Finally, the relation between input signals and actions is circular; that inputs do not preexist to outputs makes the coding paradigm problematic. I conclude that the view that spikes are messages is generally not tenable. An alternative proposition is that action potentials are actions on other neurons and the environment, and neurons interact with each other rather than exchange messages.

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“…This ties in with a general picture of neural functioning that has been developing in recent years, in which heterogeneity of cell properties is important for carrying out robust computations (Brette, 2012;Day and Delgutte, 2013;Garden et al, 2008;Goodman et al, 2013;Marsat and Maler, 2010;Padmanabhan and Urban, 2010;Raman et al, 2010;Zohar et al, 2013). In order to make further progress in our understanding of the function of the VCN, we may need to develop a clearer idea of how this heterogeneity may support downstream auditory computations.…”

Section: Chopper Cell Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Modelling firing regularity in the ventral cochlear nucleus: Mechanisms, and effects of stimulus level and synaptopathy

Goodman

Winter

Léger³

et al. 2018

Hearing Research

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The auditory system processes temporal information at multiple scales, and disruptions to this temporal processing may lead to deficits in auditory tasks such as detecting and discriminating sounds in a noisy environment. Here, a modelling approach is used to study the temporal regularity of firing by chopper cells in the ventral cochlear nucleus, in both the normal and impaired auditory system. Chopper cells, which have a strikingly regular firing response, divide into two classes, sustained and transient, based on the time course of this regularity. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the behaviour of chopper cells, and the difference between sustained and transient cells in particular. However, there is no conclusive evidence so far. Here, a reduced mathematical model is developed and used to compare and test a wide range of hypotheses with a limited number of parameters. Simulation results show a continuum of cell types and behaviours: chopper-like behaviour arises for a wide range of parameters, suggesting that multiple mechanisms may underlie this behaviour. The model accounts for systematic trends in regularity as a function of stimulus level that have previously only been reported anecdotally. Finally, the model is used to predict the effects of a reduction in the number of auditory nerve fibres (deafferentation due to, for example, cochlear synaptopathy). An interactive version of this paper in which all the model parameters can be changed is available online.

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Decoding neural responses to temporal cues for sound localization

Cited by 51 publications

References 65 publications

Sound localization in a changing world

Sound localization in a changing world

Is coding a relevant metaphor for the brain?

Modelling firing regularity in the ventral cochlear nucleus: Mechanisms, and effects of stimulus level and synaptopathy

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