Declining Rates of Tobacco Use in the Japanese Medical Profession, 1965^|^ndash;2009

Smith, Derek; Wada, Koji

doi:10.2188/jea.je20120121

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Thus, the prevalence of smoking among physicians in Estonia is still higher than in many developed countries. However, smoking prevalence among physicians in some developed countries like France, Italy and Japan has remained high with the prevalence of current smoking over 25% [ 18 , 41 , 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cigarette smoking and smoking-attributable diseases among Estonian physicians: a cross-sectional study

Raag

Pärna

2018

BMC Public Health

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Background: Smoking is a risk factor for several diseases. Physicians are role models for their patients. Physicians who smoke underestimate the health risks of smoking and may be less likely to offer advice to help their patients to quit. The aim of this study was to: provide an overview of smoking behaviour among Estonian physicians; assess the relationship between smoking and ischaemic heart disease (IHD), chronic bronchitis (CB), and lung emphysema (LE); and estimate fractions of prevalences of the three diseases attributable to smoking. Methods: Self-administered questionnaires were sent to practising physicians (n = 5666) in Estonia in 2014. Prevalence of smoking and relative risks for IHD, CB and LE as well as the risks of IHD, CB and LE attributable to smoking were calculated by age and sex. Post-stratification was used to compensate non-response. Results: There were 535 male and 2404 female physicians participating. The prevalence of daily smoking was 12.4% (95% CI 10.4-14.4%) among men and 5.0% (95% CI 4.4-5.6%) among women. Mean duration of smoking among male and female daily smokers was 28.6 (95% CI 26.1-31.1) and 28.6 (95% CI 27.1-30.2) years. Compared to lifelong non-smokers, the age-adjusted risk for IHD was 1.29 times (95% CI 0.88-1.89) higher for men, but 1.69 times (95% CI 1.17-2.40) lower for all women who have ever smoked. The risk for CB was 2.29 (95% CI 1.30-4.03) times higher for smokers among men and, 1.32 (95% CI 0.95-1.82) among women; the risk ratio for LE was 4.92 (95% CI 1.14-21.1) among men and 2.45 (95% CI 0.63-9.52) among women. The smoking-attributable risk for IHD was 3.2% (95% CI 2.3-4.1%) among men and − 0.1% (95% CI -0.7-0.4%) among women; for CB 6.9% (95% CI 6.0-7.8%) and 4.2% (95% CI 3.5-4.8%); and for LE 18.8% (95% CI 17.0-22.5%) and 22.6% (95% CI 18.5-26.9%), respectively.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous reports have shown that smoking prevalence among physicians in high income countries (e.g. the United Kingdom, the United States, Australia, and Finland) has decreased [ 15 – 18 ]. The prevalence of smoking among physicians was 4% in US in 1984 and 3% in Australia in 1996 already [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cigarette smoking and smoking-attributable diseases among Estonian physicians: a cross-sectional study

Raag

Pärna

2018

BMC Public Health

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“…It is well-known that smokers tend to have poorer health behaviors than their non-smoking counterparts [ 32 ] and obtaining vaccinations is not an exception to this rule [ 6 , 33 ]. In the current study we found a weak association between mistrust for governmental recommendations for vaccination in Japan and individual smoking status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mistrust surrounding vaccination recommendations by the Japanese government: results from a national survey of working-age individuals

Wada

Smith

2015

BMC Public Health

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BackgroundConsidering that public attitudes on vaccine safety and effectiveness are known to influence the success of vaccination campaigns, an increased understanding of socio-demographic characteristics might help improve future communication strategies and lead to greater rates of vaccination uptake. This study investigated associations between mistrust for governmental vaccine recommendations and the socio-demographic characteristics of working-age individuals in Japan.MethodsA web-based, cross-sectional survey of vaccination attitudes was conducted among 3140 Japanese people aged 20 to 69 years. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to examine statistical associations between vaccination attitudes and socio-demographic characteristics, including the participant’s most trusted information resources, demographic factors and general health conditions.ResultsA total of 893 (28.4%) individuals reported a general mistrust towards the Japanese government’s recommendations for vaccination. Respondents who did not trust official government sources were more likely to consider friends, the internet and books (for both genders); family members and newspapers (among women only); and television (among men only), as the most trusted resources for vaccination-related information. Relatively poor health in men was associated with a general mistrust of vaccination recommendations (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR): 1.37, 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI): 1.07-1.69). A trend towards worsening general health was also associated with decreasing trust in vaccination recommendations by female respondents as follows: those reporting relatively good health (aOR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.02-1.47); relatively poor health (aOR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.22-1.90); and poor health (aOR: 2.10, 95% CI: 1.41-2.63) (p for trend < 0.05).ConclusionsOverall, this study suggests that communication strategies for rebuilding public trust in vaccination safety need to be urgently addressed in Japan. Such protocols must consider the information sources that working-age populations are most likely to utilize in this country, as well as their general health conditions, especially among females.

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“…Tobacco use has been similarly declining among doctors in some other Asian regions. A recent examination of Japanese research, for example, elucidated a continuous decline of smoking among Japanese doctors since the mid 1960s [40]. Not all regions have demonstrated consistent, if any, declines in tobacco usage among doctors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tobacco smoking among doctors in mainland China: a study from Shandong province and review of the literature

Smith¹,

Zhao²,

Wang³

2012

Tobacco Induced Diseases

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BackgroundTobacco control represents a key area in which doctors can make a significant positive impact on their patients’ lives. Despite this fact, however, doctors in certain regions of China are known to smoke tobacco at rates similar to or even exceeding those seen within the general population.ObjectiveThis study sought to investigate the smoking habits of doctors at a teaching hospital in Shandong province, as well as providing a brief review of smoking research that has been conducted among doctors elsewhere in China.MethodAn anonymous questionnaire survey was distributed to doctors working at a university teaching hospital in 2008, as part of a larger study of occupational health issues in the healthcare profession.ResultsThe overall smoking prevalence rate of doctors in this study was 36.3% with significant differences observed between the genders (males: 46.7% and females: 5.3%). Age and total career length were also correlated with smoking habit, although no significant associations were found with department of employment.ConclusionsOverall, our study suggests that smoking rates among doctors in Shandong province are higher than those documented in many other countries, a finding which is consistent with previous research conducted in some other Chinese provinces. Addressing this issue from an intrinsic cultural perspective will clearly need to form the cornerstone of tobacco control efforts within the Chinese medical community in future years.

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Declining Rates of Tobacco Use in the Japanese Medical Profession, 1965^|^ndash;2009

Cited by 11 publications

References 47 publications

Cigarette smoking and smoking-attributable diseases among Estonian physicians: a cross-sectional study

Cigarette smoking and smoking-attributable diseases among Estonian physicians: a cross-sectional study

Mistrust surrounding vaccination recommendations by the Japanese government: results from a national survey of working-age individuals

Tobacco smoking among doctors in mainland China: a study from Shandong province and review of the literature

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