Declining Morbidity and Mortality among Patients with Advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Palella, Frank J.; Delaney, Kathleen M.; Moorman, Anne C.; Loveless, Mark O.; Fuhrer, Jack; Satten, Glen A.; Aschman, Diane; Holmberg, Scott D.

doi:10.1056/nejm199803263381301

Cited by 8,645 publications

(4,736 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…HIV treatment with ARV therapy can substantially decrease morbidity and mortality and reduce the rate of HIV transmission. [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] Approximately 16.9% of all HIV-positive individuals are in the U.S. criminal justice system 41 ; therefore, interventions that improve ARV uptake, as well as ARV adherence and persistence after release from jails and prisons have the potential to curtail the HIV epidemic by decreasing HIV transmission to others. This is particularly relevant given the deleterious effect of short-term incarceration and release on virologic outcomes [42][43][44] and the high frequency of self-reported HIV-related risky behaviors of newly released HIV-positive inmates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Directly Observed versus Self-administered Antiretroviral Therapies: Preference of HIV-Positive Jailed Inmates in San Francisco

et al. 2012

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Directly observed therapy (DOT) of antiretroviral (ARV) medications has beneficial effects on HIV treatment for incarcerated inmates but has been associated with limited continuation after release and inadvertent disclosure of HIV status. Guided self-administered therapy (g-SAT) may be a preferred method of ARV delivery and may encourage medication-taking behavior. We surveyed the preference of 102 HIV-positive jailed inmates at the San Francisco City and County Jails regarding receiving ARVs via DOT versus g-SAT while incarcerated. Participants overwhelmingly preferred g-SAT over DOT.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Directly Observed versus Self-administered Antiretroviral Therapies: Preference of HIV-Positive Jailed Inmates in San Francisco

et al. 2012

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“…Its incidence has geographical variation in extent [5,6] and trends: it has been increasing over time in Europe [7], whereas incidence in the United States appears to be decreasing in some groups of AIDS patients [8,9].…”

Section: Disseminated Infection By Mycobacterium Avium Complex (Mac)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of recombinant granulocyte-colony stimulating factor administration duringMycobacterium aviuminfection in mice

Gonçalves

Appelberg

2001

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARY Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) administration in vivo has been shown to improve the defence mechanisms against infection by different microbes. Here we evaluated a possible protective role of this molecule in a mouse model of mycobacterial infection. The administration of recombinant G-CSF promoted an extensive blood neutrophilia but failed to improve the course of Mycobacterium avium infection in C57Bl/6 or beige mice. G-CSF administration also failed to improve the efficacy of a triple chemotherapeutic regimen (clarithromycin + ethambutol + rifabutin). G-CSF treatment did not protect interleukin-10 gene disrupted mice infected with M. avium. Spleen cells from infected mice treated with G-CSF had a decreased priming for antigen-specific production of interferon gamma compared to control infected mice. Our data do not substantiate previous reports on the protective activity of G-CSF in antimycobacterial immunity using mouse models.

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“…1,2 The nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) were the first drugs approved to treat HIV infection and are cornerstones of multidrug antiretroviral regimens. These compounds are structural analogs of adenosine, guanosine, cytidine or thymidine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mitochondrial pharmacogenomics of haplogroup T: MTND2*LHON4917G and antiretroviral therapy-associated peripheral neuropathy

et al. 2007

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Peripheral neuropathy (PN) due to mitochondrial injury complicates HIV therapy with some nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). Variation in the mitochondrial genome may influence susceptibility to NRTI toxicities. Two non-synonymous mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms, MTND1*LHON4216C (4216C) and MTND2*LHON4917G (4917G) were characterized in HIV-infected participants exposed to NRTIs in a randomized clinical trial. Among 250 self-identified white, non-Hispanic participants, symptomatic PN (X grade 1) developed in 70 (28%). Both 4216C (odds ratio (OR) ¼ 1.98 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05-3.75); P ¼ 0.04) and 4917G (OR ¼ 2.93 (95% CI 1.25-6.89); P ¼ 0.01) were more frequent in PN cases. These two polymorphisms remained independently associated with PN after adjusting for age, baseline CD4 count, plasma HIV RNA level, and NRTI randomization arm; 4216C (OR ¼ 2.0 (95% CI 1.1-4.0) P ¼ 0.04) and 4917G (OR ¼ 5.5 (95% CI 1.6-18.7) Po0.01). When 4917G individuals were excluded from the analysis, the association with 4216C was no longer seen. The mitochondrial 4917G polymorphism may increase susceptibility to NRTI-associated PN.

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Declining Morbidity and Mortality among Patients with Advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Abstract: The recent declines in morbidity and mortality due to AIDS are attributable to the use of more intensive antiretroviral therapies.

Cited by 8,645 publications

References 22 publications

Directly Observed versus Self-administered Antiretroviral Therapies: Preference of HIV-Positive Jailed Inmates in San Francisco

Directly Observed versus Self-administered Antiretroviral Therapies: Preference of HIV-Positive Jailed Inmates in San Francisco

Effects of recombinant granulocyte-colony stimulating factor administration duringMycobacterium aviuminfection in mice

The mitochondrial pharmacogenomics of haplogroup T: MTND2*LHON4917G and antiretroviral therapy-associated peripheral neuropathy

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