Declining chilling and its impact on temperate perennial crops

Atkinson, Chris; Brennan, Rex; Jones, Hamlyn G.

doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2013.02.004

Cited by 222 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 185 publications

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“…In winter 323 annual and biennial species, cold winters are required to initiate flowering in the spring. Perennial 324 species in temperate or alpine environments initiate flower buds several months or years before 325 flowering; thus, cold winters are important to enhance bud break and achieve uniform flower 326 emergence in the spring (Atkinson et al, 2013). 327…”

Section: Discussion 319mentioning

confidence: 99%

Extended Vernalization Regulates Inflorescence Fate in Arabis alpina by Stably Silencing PERPETUAL FLOWERING1

2018

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Section: Discussion 319mentioning

confidence: 99%

Extended Vernalization Regulates Inflorescence Fate in Arabis alpina by Stably Silencing PERPETUAL FLOWERING1

2018

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“…하의 온도에서 내재휴면이 유도된다고 하였으며 (Heide and Prestrud, 2005), 이와 더불어 저온의 축적은 내재휴면 타파 를 위한 필수 요소이다 (Atkinson et al, 2013;Mohamed et al, 2010;Takemura et al, 2013).…”

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Changes in Dormant Phase and Bud Development of ‘Fuji’ Apple Trees in the Chungju Area of Korea

Lee¹,

Park

Park³

2015

HST

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In this study, we investigated the onset and release of endo-dormancy under natural conditions by observing bud break characteristics in 'Fuji' apple trees using water cuttings. Through examinations of bud break rate and days to bud break, we found that the endo-dormancy of 'Fuji' apple tree continues for 70 d from 165 to 255 d after full bloom (DAFB), from late October to early January of the following year. In addition, within 20 d of first bud break, based on a final bud break rate of 60% or more, we able to identify the timing of the changeover from para-dormancy to endo-dormancy, and endo-dormancy to eco-dormancy. Analysis of the chilling requirement during the endo-dormancy period revealed that chilling accumulation up to 255 DAFB to release endo-dormancy amounted to 666 and 517 h based on the CH and Utah models, respectively. Observation of internal changes in the bud during endo-dormancy showed that flower bud differentiation begins from mid-July, and time of inflorescence of the disk flower is available to find. The flower buds subsequently developed slowly but steadily during endo-dormancy and in the following year in February, the developmental stage of each organ had progressed. Moreover, the flower buds of 'Fuji' apples were mostly healthy during the dormancy period, but some exhibited necrosis of flower primordium, due partial cell damage from the formation of ice crystals rather than a direct effect of the low temperature. Flower buds were formed in both the axillary buds of bourse shoots and terminal buds of spurs, but lower bud differentiation was observed for the terminal buds of spurs at rate of about 65% of total buds, which was directly related to the bud size and shoot diameter.

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“…The predicted and ongoing climate change may also strongly affect plant endodormancy relations due to the reduced chilling potential of warmer winters. Declining levels of winter chill units have thus been identified and symptoms of insufficient winter chill units such as irregular bud break and flowering, reduced shoot growth, and reduced fruit yields have been observed in a range of perennial fruit tree species in both Europe (Atkinson et al, 2013) and North America (Baldocchi and Wong, 2008). The required length of the chilling period for each species is known as the chilling requirement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicted Effects of Climate Change on Winter Chill Accumulation by Temperate Trees in South Korea

2018

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This study was conducted to understand the characteristics of winter chill accumulation in South Korea and to predict its fluctuations due to global climate change. Using climate data for 30 regions and previously established models, we estimated winter chill accumulation for those regions and predicted future changes. The temperature range from 0-7.2°C is considered effective for breaking endodormancy, so an average of 1750 chilling hours was supplied per winter between 1999 and 2015. The 30 study regions were divided into five groups based on temperature distribution. Groups 1 and 2 had fewer and more than 830 annual hours at temperatures of 0-3.6°C, respectively. Groups 3, 4, and 5 had 950-1310, 1310-1515, and more than 1515 hours, respectively, at temperatures below 0°C. The number of hours the groups was exposed to the effective temperature range for breaking endodormancy under the projected elevated temperature conditions decreased from group 5 to group 1; the loss of effective hours was in the same order. As a result, winter chill accumulation abruptly decreased from group 5 to group 1 under elevated climatic temperature conditions. The delay in the start of winter chill accumulation increased from groups 4 and 5 to group 1, and the end came earlier in the same order; groups 4 and 5 showed very similar changes at the start and end of chill accumulation. Under elevated temperature conditions, chilling accumulation is expected to start later and end earlier in all regions. These changes will be accelerated with a greater rise in regional temperatures, and elevated temperatures will lengthen the endodormancy of woody plants, but shorten the period of chilling accumulation. The results of this study can be used as fundamental data to establish plans for responses to climate change such as the selection and renewal of cultivars.

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Declining chilling and its impact on temperate perennial crops

Cited by 222 publications

References 185 publications

Extended Vernalization Regulates Inflorescence Fate in Arabis alpina by Stably Silencing PERPETUAL FLOWERING1

Extended Vernalization Regulates Inflorescence Fate in Arabis alpina by Stably Silencing PERPETUAL FLOWERING1

Changes in Dormant Phase and Bud Development of ‘Fuji’ Apple Trees in the Chungju Area of Korea

Predicted Effects of Climate Change on Winter Chill Accumulation by Temperate Trees in South Korea

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