Decline of Frontal Lobe Functions in Subjects with Age-associated Memory Impairment

Hänninen, Tuomo; Hallikainen, Merja; Koivisto, Keijo; Partanen, Kaarina; Laakso, Mikko P.; Riekkinen, P.

doi:10.1212/wnl.48.1.148

Cited by 113 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Specifically, greater anterior cingulate volume was associated with less time needed to complete the Stroop Inhibition Task, whereas larger orbitofrontal volumes were associated with poorer verbal fluency. Other studies show that, in older adults, smaller PFC gray-matter volume [Gunning-Dixon and Raz, 2003] and smaller right frontal-lobe volume [Hanninen et al, 1997] were related to a higher number of perseverative errors in the WCST, and that larger frontal-lobe volume was positively linked to the number of completed WCST categories [Schretlen et al, 2000].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Cortical thickness is linked to executive functioning in adulthood and aging

Burzyńska¹,

Nagel²,

Preuschhof³

et al. 2011

Human Brain Mapping

119

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Executive functions that are dependent upon the frontal-parietal network decline considerably during the course of normal aging. To delineate neuroanatomical correlates of age-related executive impairment, we investigated the relation between cortical thickness and executive functioning in 73 younger (20-32 years) and 56 older (60-71 years) healthy adults. Executive functioning was assessed using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Cortical thickness was measured at each location of the cortical mantle using surface-based segmentation procedures on high-resolution T1-weighted magnetic resonance images. For regions involved in WCST performance, such as the lateral prefrontal and parietal cortices, we found that thicker cortex was related to higher accuracy. Follow-up ROI-based analyses revealed that these associations were stronger in older than in younger adults. Moreover, among older adults, high and low performers differed in cortical thickness within regions generally linked to WCST performance. Our results indicate that the structural cortical correlates of executive functioning largely overlap with previously identified functional patterns. We conclude that structural preservation of relevant brain regions is associated with higher levels of executive performance in old age, and underscore the need to consider the heterogeneity of brain aging in relation to cognitive functioning. Hum Brain Mapp 33:1607-1620,

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Cortical thickness is linked to executive functioning in adulthood and aging

Burzyńska¹,

Nagel²,

Preuschhof³

et al. 2011

Human Brain Mapping

119

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…By subtracting the time needed for the last part from the mean score of the first and second parts, an interference score can be calculated, which was used as an outcome measure. This interference score can be regarded as a measure of inhibition of a habitual response, which depends on adequate levels of executive functioning [32].…”

Section: Objective Test Performance-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a structured course involving goal management training in older adults: A randomised controlled trial

Hooren

Valentijn

Bosma

et al. 2007

Patient Education and Counseling

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Objective-The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of a structured 6-week neuropsychological course on the executive functioning of older adults with cognitive complaints.Methods-A randomised controlled design was used involving 69 community dwelling individuals aged 55 years and older. Both objective and subjective measures were included to assess executive functioning. General linear model with repeated measures analysis of variance was used to examine the intervention effects.Results-After the intervention, the participants in the intervention group were significantly less annoyed by their cognitive failures, were better able to manage their executive failures and reported less anxiety symptoms than those in the waiting list control group.Conclusion-These findings indicate that a combination of psycho-education and training has the potential to change the attitude of older individuals towards their cognitive functioning.Practice implications-Because this training focussed on cognitive functions that are among the first to decline in older adults and the subjective evaluation of the people after training was quite favourable, the proposed intervention may be considered a valuable contribution to cognitive interventions for older adults.

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“…Similarly, the relationship between the widely used Trail Making Test and the frontal lobes is controversial. Although some studies have used it as a proxy for frontal lobe functioning (Hanninen et al, 1997), several studies have failed to demonstrate a convincing association between test performance and the frontal lobes (Anderson et al, 1995;Reitan & Wolfson, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic resonance imaging correlates of set shifting

Kramer

Quitania

Dean

et al. 2007

J. Inter. Neuropsych. Soc.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between lobar volumes and set shifting. We studied 101 subjects, including 36 normal controls, 16 patients with probable Alzheimer's disease, 30 patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and 19 patients with semantic dementia (SD), using a shifting paradigm that carefully controlled for component abilities. Subjects were administered two conditions of the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS) Design Fluency Test. In the control condition (DF:Control), examinees generated as many unique designs as possible in 60 s by drawing lines connecting only unfilled dots. In the switching condition (DF:Switch), examinees generated designs by drawing lines alternating between filled and unfilled dots. We used BRAINS2 software to generate volumes of the right and left frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes. Partial correlations and multiple regressions showed that, after controlling for MiniMental State Examination and DF:Control, only the right and left frontal lobe volumes significantly correlated with the DF:Switch, most clearly in the FTD and SD groups. Follow-up analyses indicated that frontal contributions to shifting were not related to working memory. Results highlight the importance of carefully controlling for component cognitive processes when studying executive functioning.

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Decline of Frontal Lobe Functions in Subjects with Age-associated Memory Impairment

Abstract: AAMI subjects appear to be impaired not only in tests assessing memory but also in tests of executive functions. This finding agrees with previous reports suggesting a central role for frontal dysfunction in memory loss of elderly people.

Cited by 113 publications

References 20 publications

Cortical thickness is linked to executive functioning in adulthood and aging

Cortical thickness is linked to executive functioning in adulthood and aging

Effect of a structured course involving goal management training in older adults: A randomised controlled trial

Magnetic resonance imaging correlates of set shifting

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