Decline in childhood iron deficiency after interruption of malaria transmission in highland Kenya , ,

Frosch, Anne E.; Ondigo, Bartholomew N.; Ayodo, George; Vulule, John; John, Chandy C.; Cusick, Sarah E.

doi:10.3945/ajcn.114.087114

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…30,31 Similar findings have been reported in highland Kenya where the prevalence of anemia decreased after an interruption of malaria transmission. 32 The results confirm that anemia is highly prevalent but that ID contributes less than a fifth of the observed anemia burden. WHO estimates that ID is the "single" biggest contributor to the anemia burden and evokes a proportion around 50% of anemia due to ID.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

High Prevalence of Anemia but Low Level of Iron Deficiency in Preschool Children during a Low Transmission Period of Malaria in Rural Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Bahizire

Bahwere

Donnen

et al. 2017

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Anemia is a worldwide public health concern especially in preschool children in developing countries and iron deficiency (ID) is generally assumed to cause at least 50% of the cases. However, data on this contribution are scarce. To close this gap, we determined in 2013 the contribution of ID in the etiology of anemia and measured others factors associated to noniron deficiency anemia (NIDA) in 900 preschool children randomly selected during a two-stage cluster nutritional survey in the Miti-Murhesa health zone, in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. In these children, we collected sociodemographic, clinical, and biological parameters and determined the nutritional status according to the World Health Organization 2006 standards. Anemia was defined as altitude-adjusted hemoglobin < 110 g/L and ID was defined as serum ferritin < 12 μg/L or < 30 μg/L in the absence or presence of inflammation, respectively. Median (interquartile range) age was 29.4 (12-45) months. The prevalence of anemia was 46.6% (391/838) among whom only 16.5% (62/377) had ID. Among children without signs of inflammation, only 4.4% (11/251) met the ferritin-based (unadjusted) definition of ID. Logistic regression analysis identified ID, history of fever during the last 2 weeks and mid-upper arm circumference < 125 mm as the only independent factors associated to anemia. In conclusion, anemia is a severe public health problem in the Miti-Murhesa health zone, but NIDA is mostly predominant and needs to be further studied. Control of infections and prevention of acute undernutrition (wasting) are some of appropriate interventions to reduce the burden anemia in this region.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

High Prevalence of Anemia but Low Level of Iron Deficiency in Preschool Children during a Low Transmission Period of Malaria in Rural Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Bahizire

Bahwere

Donnen

et al. 2017

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This picture of reduced anemia prevalence in relation to decreased malaria prevalence has also been reported elsewhere among preschool children. 27,28 The decline in malaria prevalence followed public health activities to combat malaria on a large scale including ITN distribution, increased use of malaria rapid diagnostic tests, and artemisinincombination therapy for the treatment of malaria cases in the region. 16 The 2014 DRC DHS compared with 2007 DHS showed a slight improvement in the nutritional status of WCBA from South Kivu who had a body mass index (BMI) < 18.5 from 9.2% to 7.2%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malaria Is More Prevalent Than Iron Deficiency among Anemic Pregnant Women at the First Antenatal Visit in Rural South Kivu

Bahizire

Tugirimana

Dramaix

et al. 2017

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Anemia is common during pregnancy and is associated with poor outcomes. Objectives were not only 1) to determine the prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency (ID) but also 2) to identify other factors associated with anemia in pregnant women from South Kivu province, in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. Between December 2013 and March 2014, 531 women attending the first antenatal visit in their second trimester of pregnancy were recruited. Sociodemographic, clinical, and biological data were collected. Hemoglobin (Hb) was determined by a portable photometer (Hemocue Hb201+), and anemia was defined as altitude-adjusted Hb < 110 g/L. ID was defined as serum ferritin < 15 μg/L adjusted for inflammation status (C-reactive protein [CRP] > 5 mg/L and/or α-1-acid glycoprotein > 1 g/L) whereas hypoalbuminemia was defined as serum albumin < 35 g/L. A Giemsa-stained blood smear was used to diagnose malaria. The median age (interquartile range ) was 25.5 (21.1-31.3) years, with anemia in 17.6% and ID in 8%. Malaria was present in 7.5% and hypoalbuminemia among 44%. Soluble transferrin receptor concentration was higher in the presence of inflammation and/or malaria. In the final logistic regression model, factors independently associated with anemia were malaria (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 11.24 (4.98-25.37) < 0.001), hypoalbuminemia [aOR: 2.14 (1.27-3.59); = 0.004] and elevated CRP [aOR: 1.94 (1.10-3.45); = 0.022]. ID was not highly prevalent and not associated with anemia in our population. Effective control of anemia during pregnancy in this region should consider fighting malaria and other infectious diseases in combination with measures to improve women's nutrition, both before and during pregnancy.

show abstract

“…While hyperparastemia, hyperpyrexia and convulsions used to be the common presenting symptoms of the severe disease among children in epidemic prone areas before intensive interventions [ 9 , 10 ], severe malaria anaemia, and pulmonary oedema were commonly reported features in hyperendemic areas [ 10 ]. It has been established that the introduction of LLINs has led to decrement of anaemia among children in Kenya, and therefore interventional pressure could also affect clinical disease presentations [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The current malaria morbidity and mortality in different transmission settings in Western Kenya

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundPassive surveillance of malaria in health facilities remains vital for implementation of control and elimination programs. It is therefore essential understanding current age profile of clinical malaria morbidity, mortality and presentations in areas with variant infection susceptibility. This study aimed at understanding the current malaria morbidity and mortality in Western Kenya.MethodsSurveillance of clinical and asymptomatic parasitological positivity rates of all malaria suspected patients and school children were respectively determined from June 2015 to August 2016. From 2014 to 2016, register books in hospitals were referred and the confirmed malaria cases in conjunction with total number of monthly outpatient visits (OPD) counted. All registered malaria admissions were counted together with other causes of admissions. Moreover, outcome of malaria admissions in terms of discharge or death was recorded using inpatient charts within the same time frame. Prospective surveillance of severe malaria collected information on clinical features of the disease. Giemsa stained blood slides confirmed existence of malaria parasitemia. Chi-square and analysis of variance tests were used, respectively, to compute proportions and means; then a comparison was made between different age groups, periods, and study areas.ResultsDuring the survey of asymptomatic infections among school children, overall blood slide positivity ranged from 6.4% at the epidemic prone site to 38.3% at the hyperendemic site. During the clinical malaria survey, school age children (5–14) presented with overall the highest (45%) blood slide positivity rate among those suspected to have the infection at the epidemic prone study site. The survey of all malaria confirmed and registered cases at OPD found 17% to 27% of all consultations among <5 children and 9.9% to 20.7% of all OPD visits among the ≥5 patients were due to malaria. Moreover, survey of all registered causes of admission in hospitals found 47% of admissions were due to malaria. The disease was a major cause of admission in epidemic prone setting where 63.4% of the <5 children and 62.8% of the ≥5 patients were admitted due to malaria (p>0.05) and 40% of all malaria admissions were school age children. Malaria related death rate was highest among <5 years at the hyperendemic site, that is 60.9 death per 1000 malaria <5 admissions. Conversely, the epidemic prone setting experienced highest malaria related death among ≥15 years (18.6 death per 1000 admissions) than the < 15 years (5.7 death per 1000 admissions of the <15 years) (p< 0.001). Surveillance of severe form of the disease found that hyperpyrexia, hyperparastemia, prostration and convulsions as common presentations of severe disease.ConclusionMalaria is still the major cause of hospital consultations in Western Kenya with an alarming number of severe forms of the disease among the school aged children at the epidemic prone setting. Mortalities were higher among <5 children years in high infection transmission setting and a...

show abstract

Decline in childhood iron deficiency after interruption of malaria transmission in highland Kenya , ,

Cited by 23 publications

References 29 publications

High Prevalence of Anemia but Low Level of Iron Deficiency in Preschool Children during a Low Transmission Period of Malaria in Rural Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo

High Prevalence of Anemia but Low Level of Iron Deficiency in Preschool Children during a Low Transmission Period of Malaria in Rural Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Malaria Is More Prevalent Than Iron Deficiency among Anemic Pregnant Women at the First Antenatal Visit in Rural South Kivu

The current malaria morbidity and mortality in different transmission settings in Western Kenya

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About