Declarative memory following anterior temporal lobectomy in humans.

Hermann, Bruce P.; Wyler, Allen R.; Somes, Grant W.; Dohan, F. C.; Berry, Allen D.; Clement, Lu

doi:10.1037/0735-7044.108.1.3

Cited by 96 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Chelune et al (1991), Hermann, Wyler, Somes, Berry, and Dohan (1992), Hermann et al (1994), Ivnik et al (1987), Novelly et al (1984), Phillips and McGlone (1995), Rausch and Crandall (1982), Saykin, Gur, Sussman, O'Connor, and Gur (1989), Seidenberg et al (1996), Trenerry, Jack, Cascino, Sharbrough, and So (1996), Trenerry et al (1993), andSomes (1995) reported similar findings using LM-I raw scores or LM savings scores (LM delayed divided by LM immediate). Consistently, memory scores decline after LATL.…”

Section: Hypothesissupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Patients without hippocampal sclerosis reportedly are more at risk for surgical morbidity, as removal of a functional hippocampus is thought to be damaging to the ability to recall narrative prose, especially when the hippocampus contralateral to the surgery is impaired. Hermann et al (1992Hermann et al ( , 1994, Rausch and Babb (1993), Seidenberg et al (1996), and Trenerry et al (1993) reported this finding. We did not isolate this variable in our series, but attempted to test this hypothesis as suggested by Bell and Davies (1998) by including age at seizure onset as a surrogate variable.…”

Section: Age and Sexsupporting

confidence: 56%

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Minimal model to document psychometric change after standard anterior temporal lobectomy for intractable seizure disorder

et al. 2003

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Neuropsychological assessment of persons with epilepsy is recommended whenever neurosurgery is considered as an alternative therapy for seizure disorders refractory to ordinary medical management. Although psychological assessment is common in centers specialized in the care of epilepsy patients, standardized protocols are not common. This study addresses the question of the optimal minimal test battery necessary to differentiate groups of right-handed patients with refractory, complex partial seizure disorder who receive either right or left anterior temporal lobectomy or no surgery. No variable differentiated the groups before surgery. Only Logical Memory-Immediate of the Wechsler Memory Scale differentiated the groups following surgery. This finding is consistent with the literature.

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Section: Hypothesissupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Age and Sexsupporting

confidence: 56%

Minimal model to document psychometric change after standard anterior temporal lobectomy for intractable seizure disorder

et al. 2003

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“…Clearly, using the time of excision as this landmark is inadequate. Significant hippocampal damage is found in many patients with TLE before resective surgery (Miller et al, 1993), and the removal of a nonfunctional hippocampus may not produce any additional anterograde memory defect (Hermann et al, 1994). Our analysis of the episodic memory data according to age of onset of epilepsy speaks to this issue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Remote Episodic Memory Deficits in Patients with Unilateral Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Excisions

2000

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The nature of remote memory impairment in patients with medial temporal lobe damage is the subject of some debate. While some investigators have found that retrograde amnesia in such patients is temporally graded, with relative sparing of remote memories (Squire and Alvarez, 1995), others contend that impairment is of very long duration and that remote memories are not necessarily spared (Sanders and Warrington, 1971;Nadel and Moscovitch, 1997). In this study, remote memory was assessed in 25 patients with unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy and 22 non-neurologically impaired controls using the Autobiographical Memory Interview (Kopelman et al., 1989). Results indicate that patients have impaired personal episodic memory but intact personal semantic memory. The impairment extends even to the most remote time periods in early childhood, long before seizure onset in many patients. As well, patients awaiting temporal lobectomy for control of seizures perform as poorly as those who have already undergone resective surgery. These results support the hypothesis that temporal lobe damage or dysfunction, caused by recurrent seizures or surgical excision, results in extensive retrograde amnesia for personal episodic memories. Interestingly, patients with radiological evidence of hippocampal sclerosis were not significantly more impaired than those without obvious sclerosis. These results indicate that even minimal damage to medial temporal lobes results in significant impairment to autobiographical episodic memory. These findings are more compatible with a memory loss or retrieval deficit rather than a consolidation account of remote memory impairment. Key words: remote memory; episodic memory; epilepsy; temporal gradient; multiple trace theory; consolidation; autobiographical memoryThe study of remote memory is key to understanding the role of the hippocampal complex in memory consolidation. The development of a standardized test, the Autobiographical Memory Interview (AMI), by Kopelman et al. (1989Kopelman et al. ( , 1999 has made it easier to assess personal remote memory reliably in humans. The AMI measures personal semantic and episodic memories from different time periods-childhood, early adulthood, and the recent past-permitting examination of the possible differential effects of brain damage on these two types of autobiographical memory.In keeping with earlier observations (Ribot, 1882;Burnham, 1903;Scoville and Milner, 1957) Squire (1992) and Squire and Alvarez (1995) noted a temporal gradient to retrograde amnesia (RA) associated with medial temporal damage with the most remote memories differentially spared. He concluded that the hippocampus is involved in the establishment of new memories and their temporary storage but that over time these memories become independent of the hippocampus through consolidation. Once consolidation is complete, the memory trace resides elsewhere, rendering the hippocampus unnecessary for retrieval. According to consolidation theory, patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and d...

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“…Pre-operative cognitive performance and the neuropathological status of the resected tissue have been shown to interact with post-surgical outcome (Stroup et al, 2003). In particular, individuals with normal appearing hippocampi and strong preoperative memory performances are at increased risk for memory impairment following surgery (Hermann et al, 1994;Loring, 1997;Powell, Polkey & McMillan, 1985;Trenerry et al, 1993). Interestingly, extent of tissue resection, per se, is not a consistent predictor of cognitive outcome following anterior temporal lobectomy (Gleissner et al, 2002;Ojemann & Dodrill, 1985;Wolf et al, 1993).…”

Section: Neuropsychological Outcome Following Temporal Lobectomymentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In regard to language, Stafiniak et al (1990) provided a somewhat different view of this idea, proposing that early onset patients have not had time for complete lateralization of language to occur, and thus reorganization is more likely in such individuals and the resultant effects of surgery on language are diminished. Several studies have demonstrated a relationship whereby smaller hippocampal volume (or greater hippocampal sclerosis) was associated with poorer preoperative memory performance, but relatively less postoperative memory decline (e.g., Hermann et al, 1994;Trenerry et al, 1993).…”

Section: Functional Reorganizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age of seizure onset, functional reorganization, and neuropsychological outcome in temporal lobectomy

Griffin

Tranel

2007

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology

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Patients with early onset seizure disorder tend to have less cognitive decline following surgical resection than patients with late onset seizure disorder. Differential opportunity for presurgical cerebral functional reorganization has been proposed to account for this "age of onset" effect. However, the relationships between age of seizure onset, functional organization, and neuropsychological outcome remain incompletely understood. To shed additional light on these issues, we investigated 66 patients with anterior temporal lobectomies (37 left; 29 right), all of whom completed comprehensive neuropsychological assessment prior to and following surgical resection. The sample was divided into two groups: 34 patients with early onset (EO) epilepsy and 32 patients with late onset (LO) epilepsy. We found the typical age of onset effect: post-surgically, EO patients demonstrated relatively better outcome in multiple neuropsychological domains, especially verbal memory, compared to LO patients. Based on presurgical Wada testing, 23 patients were classified as having traditional cerebral functional organization (TFO) and 35 were classified as having nontraditional cerebral functional organization (NTFO). The NTFO group had an earlier age of seizure onset than the TFO group, and NTFO was more frequent in EO patients (70%) than LO patients (50%). NTFO patients demonstrated relatively better post-surgical outcome in several neuropsychological domains, compared to TFO patients. Our findings are consistent with the notion that functional reorganization may be an explanatory factor for the better neuropsychological outcome of EO epilepsy patients following anterior temporal lobectomy.

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Declarative memory following anterior temporal lobectomy in humans.

Cited by 96 publications

References 26 publications

Minimal model to document psychometric change after standard anterior temporal lobectomy for intractable seizure disorder

Minimal model to document psychometric change after standard anterior temporal lobectomy for intractable seizure disorder

Remote Episodic Memory Deficits in Patients with Unilateral Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Excisions

Age of seizure onset, functional reorganization, and neuropsychological outcome in temporal lobectomy

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