Declarative and Procedural Learning, Quantitative Measures
of the Hippocampus, and Subcortical White Alterations in Alzheimer's Disease
and Ischaemic Vascular Dementia

Libon, David J.; Bogdanoff, Bruce; Cloud, Blaine S.; Skalina, Stefan; Giovannetti, Tania; Gitlin, Heather L; Bonavita, Jacopo

doi:10.1076/jcen.20.4.30.1145

Cited by 34 publications

(43 citation statements)

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“…It has been suggested that different pathogenic mechanisms may underlie the episodic-memory impairments of AD patients and those with subcortical stroke (Libon et al, 1998;Reed et al, 2000). Because of the vascular risks in our sample, the prevalence of WMH may be different than in other ethnic groups and appears to have contributed to a stronger association with memory.…”

Section: Wmh and Declarative Memorymentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Reduced hippocampal volume is a marker for AD (Jack et al, 1999;Juottonen et al, 1999) and is associated with episodic-memory impairment in these patients (Wilson et al, 1996). The temporal lobe volume may be important for semantic memory (Chan et al, 2001;Galton et al, 2001) and atrophy of the parahippocampal gyrus is associated with episodic memory in some studies (de Toledo-Morrell et al, 2000;Köhler et al, 1998;Libon et al, 1998). White matter signal hyperintensities (WMH) are commonly seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of elderly individuals and tend to be associated with cognitive tasks involving the frontal lobes (DeCarli et al, 1995;Swan et al, 2000), as well as with episodic memory in a recent meta-analysis (Gunning-Dixon & Raz, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlates of memory function in community-dwelling elderly: The importance of white matter hyperintensities

Petkov

Eberling

et al. 2004

J. Inter. Neuropsych. Soc.

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We sought to identify magnetic resonance-(MR)-imaged structures associated with declarative memory in a community-dwelling sample of elderly Mexican-American individuals with a spectrum of cognitive decline. Measured structures were the hemispheric volumes of the hippocampus (HC), parahippocampal gyrus, and remaining temporal lobes, as well as severity of white matter signal hyperintensities (WMH). Participants were an imaged subsample from the Sacramento Area Latino Study of Aging (SALSA), N 5 122. Individuals were categorized as normal, memory impaired (MI), cognitively impaired non-demented (CIND), or demented. We show that WMH was the strongest structural predictor for performance on a delayed free-recall task (episodic memory) in the entire sample. The association of WMH with delayed recall was most prominent in elderly normals and mildly cognitively impaired individuals with no dementia or impairment of daily function. However, the left HC was associated with verbal delayed recall only in people with dementia. The right HC volume predicted nonverbal semantic-memory performance. We conclude that WMH are an important pathological substrate that affects certain memory functions in normal individuals and those with mild memory loss and discuss how tasks associated with WMH may rely upon frontal lobe function. (JINS, 2004, 10, 371-381.)

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Section: Wmh and Declarative Memorymentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of memory function in community-dwelling elderly: The importance of white matter hyperintensities

Petkov

Eberling

et al. 2004

J. Inter. Neuropsych. Soc.

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“…In another way, the Rotor-Pursuit experiments individualize the velocity of the target to equate initial performance. According to these findings, some studies indicate that controls generally tracked at a faster rate than the AD patients 54,55,63,64 . Possibly, AD patients can only perform this task at a slower rate because they depend on visual feedback more than controls.…”

Section: Feedback Role In Ad Patients' Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Alzheimer's disease and implicit memory

Machado

Cunha

Minc

et al. 2009

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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-Specific neuropsychiatric disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) affect some forms of memory while leaving others relatively intact. In this review, we investigate particularities of the relationship between explicit and implicit memories in AD. It was found that implicit memory is preserved in AD, irrespective of the task used; in other words, there was not interference from explicit memory. In addition, it was verified that is possible through implicit memory compensatory strategies such as, activities of daily living (ADL) to compensate for the explicit memory deficits. In this sense, cognitive rehabilitation (CR) demonstrates reasonable results in the process of compensation of explicit memory deficits. Concluding, the decline in explicit memory suggests that both systems are functionally independent even if the other is compromised. We expect that when explicit memory system is not involved in competition with the implicit system, the final effect of learning is better, because all of the implicit memory capacity is engaged in learning and not in competition with the explicit system. Key WoRDS: activities of daily living, Alzheimer's disease, cognitive rehabilitation, implicit memory. Doença de Alzheimer e memória implícitaResumo -Distúrbios neuropsiquiátricos específicos, tais como a doença de Alzheimer (DA), podem afetar algumas formas de memória enquanto deixam outros relativamente intactos. Nesta revisão, nós investigamos particularidades da relação entre as memórias explicita e implícita na DA. Foi verificado que a memória é preservada na DA, independente da tarefa usada; ou seja, não ocorre interferência da memória explícita. Além disso, foi verificado que é possível através de estratégias compensatórias de memória implícita, tais como, atividades da vida diária (AVD) compensar os déficits da memória explícita. Neste sentido, a reabilitação cognitiva (RC) demonstra resultados razoáveis no processo de compensação dos déficits da memória explicita. Concluindo, a queda na memória explícita sugere que ambos os sistemas são funcionalmente independentes mesmo que outro esteja comprometido. esperamos que quando o sistema de memória explícita não está envolvido em competição com o sistema implícito, o efeito final de aprendizagem é melhor, porque toda a capacidade da memória implícita está engajada na aprendizagem e não na competição com o sistema explícito. PALAVRAS-ChAVe: atividades da vida diária, doença de Alzheimer, memória implícita, reabilitação cognitiva.

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“…The latter index was calculated using the algorithm originally described by Delis et al ( 1987 ; [1-(false positive + misses/# possible correct)] * 100)]. The rationale for using these P[r]VLT indices is based on research associating performance on these test conditions and volume of the hippocampus (Libon et al, 1998 ).…”

Section: Memory and Learningmentioning

confidence: 99%

The heterogeneity of mild cognitive impairment: A neuropsychological analysis

Libon

Xie

Eppig

et al. 2009

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

Self Cite

113

122

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A group of 94 nondemented patients self-referred to an outpatient memory clinic for memory diffi culties were studied to determine the incidence of single versus multi-domain mild cognitive impairment (MCI) using Petersen criteria. Fifty-fi ve community dwelling normal controls (NC) participants without memory complaints also were recruited. Tests assessing executive control, naming/lexical retrieval, and declarative memory were administered. Thirty-four patients exhibited single-domain MCI, 43 patients presented with multi-domain MCI. When the entire MCI sample ( n = 77) was subjected to a cluster analysis, 14 patients were classifi ed with amnesic MCI, 21 patients with dysexecutive MCI, and 42 patients were classifi ed into a mixed/multi-domain MCI group involving low scores on tests of letter fl uency, "animal" fl uency, and delayed recognition discriminability. Analyses comparing the three cluster-derived MCI groups versus a NC group confi rmed the presence of memory and dysexecutive impairment for the amnesic and dysexecutive MCI groups. The mixed MCI group produced lower scores on tests of letter fl uency compared with the amnesic MCI and NC groups and lower scores on tests of naming and memory compared with the NC group. In summary, multi-domain MCI is quite common. These data suggest that MCI is a highly nuanced and complex clinical entity. ( JINS , 2010, 16, 84-93.)

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Declarative and Procedural Learning, Quantitative Measures of the Hippocampus, and Subcortical White Alterations in Alzheimer's Disease and Ischaemic Vascular Dementia

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

Correlates of memory function in community-dwelling elderly: The importance of white matter hyperintensities

Correlates of memory function in community-dwelling elderly: The importance of white matter hyperintensities

Alzheimer's disease and implicit memory

The heterogeneity of mild cognitive impairment: A neuropsychological analysis

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