Decisional analysis of the effects of limbic lesions on learning in monkeys.

Spevack, Abraham A.; Pribram, Karl H.

doi:10.1037/h0033924

Cited by 88 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…However, it did affect cue selection. Similar findings have been reported after hippocampal lesions (Spevack & Pribram, 1973). Salafia, Romanov, Tynan, and Host (1977) have shown that nosttrial electrical stimulation of the hippocampus immediately after CS-US pamngs causes massive disruption of conditioning, compared with that of controls.…”

Section: Hippocampal Involvement In Stimulus Processingsupporting

confidence: 77%

A match-mismatch theory of limbic system function

Cormier

1981

Psychobiology

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The contributions of three key limbic system structures-the amygdala, the hippocampus, and the septum-to human and animal behavior are analyzed, focusing primarily on learning and motivational variables. The amygdala is assumed to be part of a stimulus-analyzing system involved in the processing of reinforcers and salient cues. This system contributes to the formation of conditioned reinforcers and, thus, to the ability of arbitrary cues to control species specific behavior. The hippocampus is assumed to be part of a different stimulus-analyzing system which processes nonsalient stimuli. It habituates all stimuli not associated with reinforcement, this process occurring on any nonreinforced presentation. However, those nonsalient stimuli followed by reinforcement are registered as secondary cues. These cues are devoid of conditioned reinforcing properties. The septum is viewed as a coordinating structure that handles the flow of information between these two systems. The principles of operation of these structures are based on neurological and behavioral data from both animals and humans.

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Section: Hippocampal Involvement In Stimulus Processingsupporting

confidence: 77%

A match-mismatch theory of limbic system function

Cormier

1981

Psychobiology

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“…Evidence from our studies strongly suggests that stimulated or lesioned animals were not attending to the visual cues (Livesey 1975(Livesey , 1978. A similar effect was observed from studies of acquisition and reversal of a visual form discrimination task by monkeys with limbic lesions (Pribram, Douglas, and Pribram 1969;Spevack and Pribram 1973). These authors concluded that their animals performed at chance levels because they ceased attending to and observing the cues and came under a noncontingent reinforcement schedule.…”

Section: Department Of Psychology University Of Western Australia Nsupporting

confidence: 57%

Hippocampus, space, and memory

1979

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We examine two different descriptions of the behavioral functions of the hippocampal system. One emphasizes spatially organized behaviors, especially those using cognitive maps. The other emphasizes memory, particularly working memory, a short-term memory that requires iexible stimulus-response associations and is highly susceptible to interference. The predictive value of the spatial and memory descriptions were evaluated by testing rats with damage to the hippocampal system in a series of experiments, independently manipulating the spatial and memory characteristics of a behavioral task. No dissociations were found when the spatial characteristics of the stimuli to be remembered were changed; lesions produced a similar deficit in both spatial and nonspatial test procedures, indicating that the hippocampus was similarly involved regardless of the spatial nature of the task. In contrast, a marked dissociation was found when the memory requirements were altered. Rats with lesions were able to perform accurately in tasks that could be solved exclusively on the basis of reference memory. They performed at chance levels and showed no signs of recovery even with extensive postoperative training in tasks that required working memory. In one experiment all the characteristics of the reference memory and working memory procedures were identical except the type of memory required. Consequently, the behavioral dissociation cannot be explained by differences in attention, motivation, response inhibition, or the type of stimuli to be remembered. As a result of these experiments we propose that the hippocampus is selectively involved in behaviors that require working memory, irrespective of the type of material (spatial or nonspatial) that is to be processed by that memory.

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“…The amygdala, particularly the basolateral and lateral nucleus complex, is thought to be critical for the formation of associations between primary reinforcement and discrete stimuli that have no intrinsic value of their own (Gaffan, 1992;LeDoux, 1995). In support of this hypothesis, amygdala lesions made in adult primates or rodents impair the animals on tasks in which stimuli must be associated with their affective value to guide behavior Eleftheriou, Elias, & Norman, 1972;Gaffan & Harrison, 1987;Everitt, Morris, O'Brien, & Robbins, 1991;Hiroi & White, 1991;Jones & Mishkin, 1972;Kentridge, Shaw, & Aggleton, 1991;McDonald & White, 1993;Pribram, Douglas, & Pribram, 1969;Spevack & Pribram, 1973;Spiegler & Mishkin, 1981).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of associative function following early amygdala lesions in rats.

Higley¹,

Hermer-Vazquez²,

Levitsky³

et al. 2001

Behavioral Neuroscience

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Adult rats with amygdala lesions made at either Postnatal Day (PND) 10 or PND40 were tested on a series of reversal tasks that tap the ability to form stimulus-reward associations. PND40 rats were significantly impaired relative to both controls and PND10 rats on learning rate of the original discrimination and subsequent reversals. Analyses of discrete learning phases revealed that the impairment was specific to the postchance phase. The PND10 group was not impaired relative to controls on any measure. These results confirm prior findings that amygdala lesions sustained in adulthood impair the formation of stimulus-reward associations. They also demonstrate that substantial sparing or recovery of function is possible when the lesion is made during early development. Furthermore, the findings support the view that behavioral recovery may be more likely if the lesion is sustained near the time of peak synaptogenesis.

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Decisional analysis of the effects of limbic lesions on learning in monkeys.

Cited by 88 publications

References 5 publications

A match-mismatch theory of limbic system function

A match-mismatch theory of limbic system function

Hippocampus, space, and memory

Recovery of associative function following early amygdala lesions in rats.

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