Decision support in urban water management based on generic scenarios: The example of NoMix technology

Larsen, Tove A.; Maurer, Max; Eggen, Rik I.L.; Pronk, Wouter; Lienert, Judit

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.07.032

Cited by 20 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The separation of those nutrients enhances the efficiency of conventional sewage treatment processes and facilitates their reuse as fertilizer in agriculture [16]. The eco toxicological effect of human medicines in domestic wastewater (so called micro pollutants) could be reduced by 50% [17], and the part separation of urine could turn wastewater treatment plants from energy consumers to energy producers [18]. The experiences with building integrated urine separation systems show that waterless urinals work well, emit no malodor, and are convenient to use; however, functionality of the separation with so-called -separation‖ or -no-mix‖ toilets is still insufficient [19].…”

Section: Management Of Organic Waste and Nutrients Using The Example mentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Benchmarking of Commercial Buildings: A Low-Cost Pathway toward Urban Sustainability

2016

Improving Urban Environments

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Abstract:The construction and service of urban infrastructure systems and buildings involves immense resource consumption. Cities are responsible for the largest component of global energy, water, and food consumption as well as related sewage and organic waste production. Due to ongoing global urbanization, in which the largest sector of the global population lives in cities which are already built, global level strategies need to be developed that facilitate both the sustainable construction of new cities and the re-development of existing urban environments. A very promising approach in this regard is the decentralization and building integration of environmentally sound infrastructure systems for integrated resource management. This paper discusses such new and innovative building services engineering systems, which could contribute to increased energy efficiency, resource productivity, and urban resilience. Applied research and development projects in Germany, which are based on integrated system approaches for the integrated and environmentally sound management of energy, water and organic waste, are used as examples. The findings are especially promising and can be used to stimulate further research and development, including economical aspects which are crucial for sustainable urban (re-)development.

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Section: Management Of Organic Waste and Nutrients Using The Example mentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Benchmarking of Commercial Buildings: A Low-Cost Pathway toward Urban Sustainability

2016

Improving Urban Environments

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“…Urine source separation has the potential to become an integral part of mainstream wastewater treatment, especially where high nutrient elimination rates are required (Larsen et al, 2007). Therefore, separating urine from wastewater could offer significant advantages to mainstream facilities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source Separation of Urine as an Alternative Solution to Nutrient Management in Biological Nutrient Removal Treatment Plants

Jiménez

Bott

Love

et al. 2015

Water Environment Research

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Municipal wastewater contains a mixture of brown (feces and toilet paper), yellow (urine), and gray (kitchen, bathroom and wash) waters. Urine contributes approximately 70-80% of the nitrogen (N), 50-70% of the phosphorus (P) load and 60-70% of the pharmaceutical residues in normal domestic sewage. This study evaluated the impact of different levels of source separation of urine on an existing biological nutrient removal (BNR) process. A process model of an existing biological nutrient removal (BNR) plant was used. Increasing the amount of urine diverted from the water reclamation facilities, has little impact on effluent ammonia (NH₃-N) concentration, but effluent nitrate (NO₃-N) concentration decreases. If nitrification is necessary then no reduction in the sludge age can be realized. However, a point is reached where the remaining influent nitrogen load matches the nitrogen requirements for biomass growth, and no residual nitrogen needs to be nitrified. That allows a significant reduction in sludge age, implying reduced process volume requirements. In situations where nitrification is required, lower effluent nitrate (NO₃-N) concentrations were realized due to both the lower influent nitrogen content in the wastewater and a more favorable nitrogen-to-carbon ratio for denitrification. The external carbon requirement for denitrification decreases as the urine separation efficiency increases due to the lower influent nitrogen content in the wastewater and a more favorable nitrogen-to-carbon ratio for denitrification. The effluent phosphorus concentration decreases when the amount of urine sent to water reclamation facilities is decreased due to lower influent phosphorus concentrations. In the case of chemical phosphate removal, urine separation reduces the amount of chemicals required.

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“…A number of studies on urine nitrification, usually without alkalinity addition for an effluent suitable for subsequent Anammox treatment, have been conducted (Hellström et al, 1999;Udert et al, 2003b;Feng et al, 2008). However, concern exists over the stability of Anammox treatment for decentralized treatment (Bürgmann et al, 2011) and therefore conventional nitrification with heterotrophic denitrification is favorable in certain instances (Larsen et al, 2010). However, due to high concentrations of both nitrogen and organics urine nitrification imposes high oxygen demands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Mixed Liquor in a Pressurized Bioreactor for Nitrifying Urine for Insewer Denitrification

Sun¹,

morito²,

Mackey³

et al. 2013

proc water environ fed

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Decentralized treatment of source-separated urine could be a solution to expensive centralized biological nutrient removal treatment. However, it is difficult to achieve an efficient nitrification at high loading rates with high total ammoniacal nitrogen (TAN) concentrations. In this study, a hydrostatic pressurized bioreactor was developed with activated sludge for stabilization of source-separated urine under 7 bar of pressure. Incomplete ammonia oxidation was observed with a nitrification potential of 99.7% of the influent ammonia while the maximum daily loading rate of approximately 1.0 kg-TN m -3 d -1 was achieved. In addition, characteristics of aerobic nitrifying sludge was examined periodically through light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and particle size analyzer. Pressure promoted large dense flocular material capable of providing efficient liquid-solid separation.

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Decision support in urban water management based on generic scenarios: The example of NoMix technology

Cited by 20 publications

References 29 publications

Energy Benchmarking of Commercial Buildings: A Low-Cost Pathway toward Urban Sustainability

Energy Benchmarking of Commercial Buildings: A Low-Cost Pathway toward Urban Sustainability

Source Separation of Urine as an Alternative Solution to Nutrient Management in Biological Nutrient Removal Treatment Plants

Characterization of Mixed Liquor in a Pressurized Bioreactor for Nitrifying Urine for Insewer Denitrification

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