Shared decision making is best utilized when a decision is preference sensitive. However, a consequence of choosing between one of several reasonable options is decisional regret: wishing a different decision had been made. In this vignette, a patient chooses mastectomy to avoid radiotherapy. However, postoperatively, she regrets the more disfiguring operation and wishes she had picked the other option: lumpectomy and radiation. Although the physician might view decisional regret as a failure of shared decision making, the physician should reflect on the process by which the decision was made. If the patient's wishes and values were explored and the decision was made in keeping with those values, decisional regret should be viewed as a consequence of decision making, not necessarily as a failure of shared decision making.
CaseMs S is a 60-year-old woman with stage I breast cancer. After diagnosis, she was referred to a surgical oncologist, Dr J. Over the course of several visits, Dr J and Ms S considered risks and benefits of 2 primary treatment options: breast-conserving surgery with follow-up radiation and total mastectomy, which generally does not require radiation. The patient and surgeon agreed that a left total mastectomy would be best.The mastectomy went well, and, during a follow-up visit, Dr J reported good news: there was no evidence to suggest that Ms S's cancer had spread beyond her breast. Ms S was pleased to hear this news. She also seemed worried, however. "So, I was reading that there is no difference in survival between breast-conserving surgery and mastectomy." "Yes, you're right. But as we discussed before your surgery, mastectomy patients are less likely to need radiation. 1 You didn't want radiation," Dr J responded.Ms S resumed, "Well, that was what I thought at the time. 2 But now I wish I'd had the breast-conserving therapy with the radiation. Maybe I didn't need the more disfiguring surgery."