Decision making and neuropsychiatry

Rahman, Shibley; Sahakian, Barbara J.; Cardinal, Rudolf N.; Rogers, Robert D.; Robbins, Trevor W.

doi:10.1016/s1364-6613(00)01650-8

Cited by 160 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Clinically, these findings are relevant to impulsivity as seen in a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders, including ADHD and in depression in relation to suicide attempts (see Rahman et al 2001). The challenge for further research will be to define more precisely the underlying neurobiology of different forms of impulsive behavior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deficits in Impulse Control Associated with Tonically-elevated Serotonergic Function in Rat Prefrontal Cortex

Dalley

Theobald

Eagle

et al. 2002

Neuropsychopharmacology

244

203

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deficits in Impulse Control Associated with Tonically-elevated Serotonergic Function in Rat Prefrontal Cortex

Dalley

Theobald

Eagle

et al. 2002

Neuropsychopharmacology

244

203

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“…Involvement of dopaminergic neurotransmission has been hypothesized to underlie individual variation in risky decision making, an important phenotypic target in several neuropsychiatric disorders (Rahman et al, 2001). Genetic composite scores have been used as an index for dopaminergic activity, and a link between genes involved in dopamine signaling capacity and ventral striatal reactivity to rewards has been demonstrated (Nikolova et al, 2011;Stice et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Genetic Variation in Dopamine Signaling Moderates Prefrontal Cortical Activity During Risky Decision Making

Kohno

Nurmi

Laughlin

et al. 2015

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Brain imaging has revealed links between prefrontal activity during risky decision-making and striatal dopamine receptors. Specifically, striatal dopamine D2-like receptor availability is correlated with risk-taking behavior and sensitivity of prefrontal activation to risk in the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART). The extent to which these associations, involving a single neurochemical measure, reflect more general effects of dopaminergic functioning on risky decision making, however, is unknown. Here, 65 healthy participants provided genotypes and performed the BART during functional magnetic resonance imaging. For each participant, dopamine function was assessed using a gene composite score combining known functional variation across five genes involved in dopaminergic signaling: DRD2, DRD3, DRD4, DAT1, and COMT. The gene composite score was negatively related to dorsolateral prefrontal cortical function during risky decision making, and nonlinearly related to earnings on the task. Iterative permutations of all possible allelic variations (7777 allelic combinations) was tested on brain function in an independently defined region of the prefrontal cortex and confirmed empirical validity of the composite score, which yielded stronger association than 95% of all other possible combinations. The gene composite score also accounted for a greater proportion of variability in neural and behavioral measures than the independent effects of each gene variant, indicating that the combined effects of functional dopamine pathway genes can provide a robust assessment, presumably reflecting the cumulative and potentially interactive effects on brain function. Our findings support the view that the links between dopaminergic signaling, prefrontal function, and decision making vary as a function of dopamine signaling capacity.

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“…Recent extension of this work has suggested that deficits in the decision-making of psychiatric patients may involve dysfunction in the same neural machinery (Bechara et al, 2001;Rahman et al, 2001;Rogers et al, 1999b). Despite these advances, relatively little is known about how altered activity of the ascending reticular arousal systems influences decision-making, even though such information would help build a more complete picture of the principal neurochemical determinants of human choice, and improve our understanding of the cognitive effects of monoaminergic therapies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tryptophan Depletion Alters the Decision-Making of Healthy Volunteers through Altered Processing of Reward Cues

Rogers

Tunbridge

Bhagwagar

et al. 2002

Neuropsychopharmacol

251

231

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While accumulating evidence suggests that effective real-life decision-making depends upon the functioning of the orbitofrontal cortex, much less is known about the involvement of the monoamine neurotransmitter systems and, in particular, serotonin. In the present study, we explored the impact of depleting the serotonin precursor, tryptophan, on human decision-making. Eighteen healthy volunteers consumed an amino-acid drink containing tryptophan and 18 healthy volunteers consumed an amino-acid drink without tryptophan, before choosing between simultaneously presented gambles, differing in the magnitude of expected gains (ie reward), the magnitude of expected losses (ie punishment), and the probabilities with which these outcomes were delivered. Volunteers also chose between gambles probing identified non-nomative biases in human decision-making, namely, risk-aversion when choosing between gains and riskseeking when choosing between losses. Tryptophan-depleted volunteers showed reduced discrimination between magnitudes of expected gains associated with different choices. There was little evidence that tryptophan depletion was associated with altered discrimination between the magnitudes of expected losses, or altered discrimination between the relative probabilities with which these positive or negative outcomes were delivered. Risk-averse and risk-seeking biases were also unchanged. These results suggest that serotonin mediates decision-making in healthy volunteers by modulating the processing of reward cues, perhaps represented within the orbitofrontal cortex. It is possible that such a change in the cognition mediating human choice is one mechanism associated with the onset and maintenance of anhedonia and lowered mood in psychiatric illness.

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Decision making and neuropsychiatry

Cited by 160 publications

References 44 publications

Deficits in Impulse Control Associated with Tonically-elevated Serotonergic Function in Rat Prefrontal Cortex

Deficits in Impulse Control Associated with Tonically-elevated Serotonergic Function in Rat Prefrontal Cortex

Functional Genetic Variation in Dopamine Signaling Moderates Prefrontal Cortical Activity During Risky Decision Making

Tryptophan Depletion Alters the Decision-Making of Healthy Volunteers through Altered Processing of Reward Cues

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