Deciphering the roles of cell shape and Fat and Dachsous planar polarity in arranging the <i>Drosophila</i> apical microtubule network through quantitative image analysis

Moreno, Miguel Ramírez; Hunton, Robert; Strutt, David; Bulgakova, Natalia A.

doi:10.1091/mbc.e22-09-0442

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(160 reference statements)

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“…A Previous work on core pathway complexes (Fz6/Vangl2/ Celsr1) in the epidermis has shown that TEC is used for quickly remodeling cell boundaries during cell divisions (23). Previous works and the current work, in both Drosophila and mammalian cell culture, show that Ft/Ds and Fat4/Dchs1 boundary complexes are extremely stable (16,(24)(25). We therefore suggest that TEC in the Fat4/Dchs1 system may also be important for plasticity and remodeling of cell boundaries in different conditions, as it allows removing highly stable complexes in a very efficient manner.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

The Fat4 intracellular domain controls turnover of Fat4/Dchs1 planar polarity membrane complexes

Easa,

Loza,

cohen

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The Fat/Dachsous (Ft/Ds) pathway is a highly conserved pathway regulating planar cell polarity (PCP) across different animal species. Proteins from the Ft and Ds family are large transmembrane protocadherins that form heterophilic complexes on the boundaries between cells. Fat4 and Dchs1, the main mammalian homologues of this pathway, have been implicated in PCP in various epithelial tissues and were shown to form extremely stable complexes at the boundaries between cells. It is unclear however, what are the dynamics controlling such stable boundary complexes, and how the formation and turnover of these complexes is regulated. Here, we use quantitative live imaging to elucidate the role of the intracellular domains (ICD) of Fat4 and Dchs1 in regulating Fat4/Dchs1 complex dynamics. We show that removing the ICD of Fat4 results in a reduction of both Trans-endocytosis (TEC) of Dchs1 into the Fat4 cells and boundary accumulation, but does not affect the diffusion of the complexes at the boundary. We further show that the ICD of Fat4 controls the turnover rate of Fat4/Dchs1 complexes. Finally, we find that while actin polymerization is required for maintaining the boundary accumulation of Fat4/Dchs1 complexes, we do not identify correlations between Fat4/Dchs1 complexes and local actin accumulation. Overall, we suggest that the Fat4 ICD is important for the turnover and plasticity of the highly stable Fat4/Dchs1 complexes associated with PCP.Statement of SignificanceThe purpose of this study is to elucidate the dynamics leading to the formation and maintenance of Fat4/Dchs1 complexes at the cell boundary and how it is affected by the ICD of Fat4 in mammals. The insights from this work are important for obtaining a mechanistic molecular framework for understanding formation of planar cell polarity as well as for highlighting how cell boundary membrane complexes are regulated.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

The Fat4 intracellular domain controls turnover of Fat4/Dchs1 planar polarity membrane complexes

Easa,

Loza,

cohen

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…But some key published data were questioned when reexamined and the model challenged by new observations on microtubules in polarized larval and adult abdominal cells [ 34 ]. Microtubule organization is nevertheless related to cell shape in several different kinds of epidermis [ 34 , 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planar cell polarity: intracellular asymmetry and supracellular gradients of Frizzled

Casal,

Storer,

Lawrence

2023

Open Biol.

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Planar cell polarity (PCP), the coordinated orientation of structures such as cilia, mammalian hairs or insect bristles, depends on at least two molecular systems. We have argued that these two systems use similar mechanisms; each depending on a supracellular gradient of concentration that spans a field of cells. In a linked paper, we studied the Dachsous/Fat system. We found a graded distribution of Dachsous in vivo in a segment of the pupal epidermis in the abdomen of Drosophila . Here we report a similar study of the key molecule for the Starry Night/Frizzled or ‘core’ system. We measure the distribution of the receptor Frizzled on the cell membranes of all cells of one segment in the living pupal abdomen of Drosophila . We find a supracellular gradient that falls about 17% in concentration from the front to the rear of the segment. We present some evidence that the gradient then resets in the most anterior cells of the next segment back. We find an intracellular asymmetry in all the cells, the posterior membrane of each cell carrying about 22% more Frizzled than the anterior membrane. These direct molecular measurements add to earlier evidence that the two systems of PCP act independently.

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Regulation of Sertoli cell function by planar cell polarity (PCP) protein Fjx1

Wang

et al. 2023

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

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Deciphering the roles of cell shape and Fat and Dachsous planar polarity in arranging the Drosophila apical microtubule network through quantitative image analysis

Cited by 3 publications

References 70 publications

The Fat4 intracellular domain controls turnover of Fat4/Dchs1 planar polarity membrane complexes

The Fat4 intracellular domain controls turnover of Fat4/Dchs1 planar polarity membrane complexes

Planar cell polarity: intracellular asymmetry and supracellular gradients of Frizzled

Regulation of Sertoli cell function by planar cell polarity (PCP) protein Fjx1

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