Deciphering the ???black box??? of the intestinal stem cell niche: taking direction from other systems

Walker, Monica R.; Stappenbeck, Thaddeus S.

doi:10.1097/mog.0b013e3282f4954f

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The concept that the surrounding microenvironment regulates progenitor cell response has been covered thoroughly by multiple excellent reviews. 64–66 One manifestation of the importance of the stem cell niche is the phenomena of crypt fission, a physiological mechanism of crypt reproduction in response to injury, which likely requires communication between adjacent progenitor cells to coordinate a response to injury. In addition to the role of the epithelial cells themselves, other cell types play a critical role in effective epithelial healing, including macrophages, endothelial cells and dendritic cells.…”

Section: Forming a Necessary Niche: Getting Along With Your Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Stem Cells and Their Roles During Mucosal Injury and Repair

Neal

Richardson

Sodhi

et al. 2011

Journal of Surgical Research

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The ability of the host to respond to intestinal injury requires the regeneration of native tissue through a highly orchestrated response from the intestinal stem cells, a population of cells located within the intestinal crypts that have the capability to repopulate the entire villous. The field of intestinal stem cell biology is thus of great interest to surgeons and non-surgeons alike, given its relevance to diseases of intestinal injury and inflammation such as inflammatory bowel disease, trauma, and necrotizing enterocolitis. The field of intestinal stem cell research has been advanced recently by the identification of the putative marker, Lgr5, which has allowed for the isolation and further characterization of the intestinal stem cell. Under the control of the WNT signaling pathway, Lgr5 marks the rapidly dividing cells of the intestinal crypt, and identifies a population of cells that is capable of regenerating the entire villous. We now review the identification of Lgr5 as an intestinal stem cell marker, identify controversies in the intestinal stem cell field, and highlight the response of the intestinal stem cell to injury within the intestinal mucosa that may occur clinically.

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Section: Forming a Necessary Niche: Getting Along With Your Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Stem Cells and Their Roles During Mucosal Injury and Repair

Neal

Richardson

Sodhi

et al. 2011

Journal of Surgical Research

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“…Many tissues including skin, intestine, and bone marrow contain a stem cell niche where the progenitor cell population is separated from their differentiated progeny, as well as cell types of different origins [50–52]. For instance, reciprocal expression pattern of ephrin-A1 in cardiomyocytes and EphA2 in cardiac stem cells helps create a segregated niche for the receptor bearing stem cell population.…”

Section: Signaling Through Eph Receptors and Their Ephrin Ligands Regmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymmetry at cell-cell interfaces direct cell sorting, boundary formation, and tissue morphogenesis

Ventrella

Kaplan

Getsios

2017

Experimental Cell Research

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During development, cells of seemingly homogenous character sort themselves out into distinct compartments in order to generate cell types with specialized features that support tissue morphogenesis and function. This process is often driven by receptors at the cell membrane that probe the extracellular microenvironment for specific ligands and alter downstream signaling pathways impacting transcription, cytoskeletal organization, and cell adhesion to regulate cell sorting and subsequent boundary formation. This review will focus on two of these receptor families, Eph and Notch, both of which are intrinsically non-adhesive and are activated by a unique set of ligands that are asymmetrically distributed from their receptor on neighboring cells. Understanding the requirement of asymmetric ligand-receptor signaling at the membrane under homeostatic conditions gives insight into how misregulation of these pathways contributes to boundary disruption in diseases like cancer.

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“…The intestinal epithelium is composed of four different terminal cell lineages, including Paneth cells, enteroendocrine cells, goblet cells and absorptive enterocytes. Intestinal epithelium is the most vigorously self-renewing tissue in various adult mammal tissues, and can be completely renewed within 3-5 days [1,2]. In accordance with the high rate of self renewal, it is believed that intestinal stem cells (ISCs) in the crypts and transient amplifying (TA) population in the junction between crypts and villi have a vigorous potential for proliferation and differentiation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%