The mechanism and
kinetics of aspartic acid (Asp, HO2CCH(NH2)CH2CO2H) decomposition on
Cu(100) have been studied using X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and
temperature-programmed reaction spectroscopy. We investigate the Asp
decomposition mechanism in detail using unlabeled d-Asp and
isotopically labeled l-Asp-4-13C (HO2CCH(NH2)CH2
13CO2H), l-Asp-d
7 (DO2CCD(ND2)CD2CO2D), l-Asp-2,3,3-d
3 (HO2CCD(NH2)CD2CO2H), and l-Asp-15N-2,3,3-d
3 (HO2CCD(15NH2)CD2CO2H). The monolayer of Asp adsorbed on
the Cu(100) surface is in a doubly deprotonated bi-aspartate form
(−O2CCH(NH2)CH2CO2−). During heating, Asp decomposes on Cu(100) with kinetics
consistent with a vacancy-mediated explosion mechanism. The mechanistic
steps yield CO2 by sequential cleavage of the C3–C4
and C1–C2 bonds, and NCCH3 and H2 via decomposition of the remaining CH(NH2)CH2 intermediate. Deuterium labeling has been used to demonstrate that
scrambling of H(D) occurs during the decomposition to acetonitrile
of the CD(NH2)CD2 intermediate formed by decarboxylation
of l-Asp-2,3,3-d
3 and l-Asp-15N-2,3,3-d
3.