Deciphering Sedimentary Provenance and Timing of Sedimentation From a Suite of Metapelites From the Chotanagpur Granite Gneissic Complex, India

The current status of orogenesis in the Central Indian Tectonic Zone: A view from its Southern Margin

“…Taken together with evidence for a broadly‐coeval Grenville‐aged continental collision tectonics in the adjoining Proterozoic mobile belts in eastern (Chottanagpur Gneissic Complex (Sanyal, Sengupta, & Goswami, ; Chatterjee, Banerjee, Bhattacharya, & Maji, ; Chatterjee, Crowley, & Ghose, ; Maji et al, ; Chatterjee & Ghose, ; Karmakar, Bose, Basu Sarbadhikari, & Das, ; Rekha et al, ; Sanyal & Sengupta, ; Dey, Mukherjee, Sanyal, Ibanez‐Mejia, & Sengupta, ; Mukherjee et al, ; Mukherjee, Dey, Sanyal, & Sengupta, ; Chatterjee, ; Bangriposi Shear Zone [Prabhakar, Bhattacharya, Sathyanarayanan, & Mukherjee, ]) Gangpur Schist belt (Chakraborty, Upadhyay, Ranjan, Pruseth, & Nanda, ) and north‐western India (Aravalli‐Delhi Mobile Belt [Pant, Kundu, & Joshi, ; Bhowmik, Bernhardt, & Dasgupta, ; Bhowmik, Dasgupta, Baruah, & Kalita, ; Bhowmik, Saha, Dasgupta, & Fukuoka, ; Bhowmik et al, ; Buick et al, ; Chattopadhyay, Mukhopadhyay, & Sengupta, ; Pandey, Pant, & Kumar, ; Hazarika, Upadhyay, & Mishra, ; Ozha, Mishra, Hazarika, Jeyagopal, & Yadav, ; Kaur et al, ; Bose, Seth, & Dasgupta, ]), it becomes evident that at least three microcontinental blocks (e.g., North and South Indian blocks and the Marwar Block) became amalgamated at ~1.0 Ga to produce the final configuration of the Greater Indian Landmass (Bhowmik et al, , , 2018; Prabhakar et al, ; Mukherjee et al, ; Chatterjee, ; Chakraborty et al, ). Although there is an ongoing debate on the exact location of the India in Rodinia supercontinent (Collins & Pisarevsky, ; Li et al, ; Meert & Torsvik, ; Merdith et al, ; Pisarevsky et al, ), these new results from the Indian shield reveal that the Greater Indian Landmass at c.1.0 Ga with discrete cratonic blocks being stitched by a network of interconnecting orogenic belts resembles a miniature Rodinia (see also Basu & Bickford, ; Bhowmik et al, , ; Bose & Dasgupta, ; Chatterjee, ).…”

“…The proposed model of two‐stage growth history of the GIL (see also Chakraborty et al, ; Chatterjee, ) during which the orogenesis changed from an accretionary to a continental collision mode contradicts two widely held views on the origin of the GIL: (1) the suture between the two cratonic blocks is of Earliest Palaeoproterozoic age (Stein et al, , ), and (2) a unified landmass covering the entire Indian shield was in existence as early as c. 1700 Ma (Chakraborty, Sarkar, & Patranabis‐Deb, ; Dey et al, ; Meert et al, ; Meert & Pandit, ). The model of Stein et al (, ) is based on the following points: (a) the calc alkaline Malanjkhand granitoid of 2.49 Ga age formed at a convergent plate boundary between the north and south Indian cratonic blocks along the southern margin of the CITZ (Stein et al, ).…”

“…(d) Finally, can the Proterozoic sedimentary record in the Indian shield be taken as a marker event to delink the Early Mesoproterozoic orogenesis from the Columbia event? It is now well recognized that the Late Palaeoproterozoic to Early Mesoproterozoic orogenesis, often producing granulite‐facies rocks is an integral feature of the Indian Shield (Sarkar, Ray Barman, & Corfu, ; Dasgupta, Guha, Sengupta, Miura, & Ehl, ; Buick, Allen, Pandit, Rubatto, & Hermann, ; Chatterjee et al, ; Chatterjee, Mazumder, Bhattacharya, & Saikia, ; Saha, Bhowmik, Fukuoka, & Dasgupta, ; Kaur, Chaudhri, Racsek, Kroner, & Hofmann, ; Kaur, Zeh, & Chaudhri, ; Bhowmik et al, , , , ; Upadhyay, Gerdes, & Raith, ; Bhandari et al, ; Bose, Dunkley, Dasgupta, Das, & Arima, ; Rekha et al, ; Vijaya Kumar, Leelanandam, & Ernst, ; Bhowmik & Dasgupta, ; Sanyal & Sengupta, ; Dharma Rao, Santosh, & Chmielowski, ; Dasgupta, Bose, Bhowmik, & Sengupta, ; Dasgupta, Bose, & Das, ; Bora, Kumar, Yi, Kim, & Lee, ; Henderson, Collins, Payne, Forbes, & Saha, ; Sarkar, Schenk, & Berndt, ; Sarkar, Schenka, Appel, Berndt, & Sengupta, ; Ozha et al, ; Dey et al, ; Saikia et al, ) and also former Gondwanaland (Cutts, Hand, & Kelsey, ; Cutts, Kelsey, & Hand, ; Gibson, Rubenach, Neumann, Southgate, & Hutton, ) and Laurentian fragments (Nunn, Gower, & Thomas, ; Gower, Schurer, & Heaman, ; Gower, ; Connelly, Rivers, & James, ; Wardle, Gower, & Kerr, ; Wardle, Ryan, Philippe, & Schärer, ; Åhäll & Gower, ; Åhäll, Persson, & Skiöld, ). Therefore, it can be safely stated that orogenesis in this time period was more widespread than previously recognized.…”

“…See text for further details. Data sources are as follows: SMB: Ahmad et al, ; Bhowmik, ; Bhandari et al, ; Bhowmik et al, , , , ; Chattopadhyay et al, , ; Bhowmik & Chakraborty, ; MB: Bora et al, ; Deshmukh, Prabhakar, Bhattacharya, & Madhavan, ; Khanna et al, ; Saikia et al, ; CGC: Chatterjee et al, ; Maji et al, ; Rekha et al, ; Chatterjee & Ghose, ; Karmakar et al, ; Sanyal & Sengupta, ; Dey et al, ; Mukherjee et al, ; Mukherjee, Dey, Ibanez‐Mejia, et al, ; Mukherjee, Dey, Sanyal, & Sengupta, ; NSMB: Roy, Sarkar, Jeyakumar, Aggrawal, & Ebihara, ; Mahato, Goon, Bhattacharya, Mishra, & Bernhardt, ; Reddy, Clark, & Mazumder, ; GSB: Chakraborty et al, ; Vindhyan basin: Ray, Martin, Veizer, & Bowring, ; Rasmussen et al, ; Bickford et al, [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]…”

Petrology and geochronology of a suite of pelitic granulites from parts of the Chotanagpur Granite Gneiss Complex, eastern India: Evidence for Stenian‐Tonian reworking of a late Paleoproterozoic crust

“…However, there has been considerable debate on the timing and mechanism of this amalgamation. According to many workers, the Indian shield evolved as a single landmass since the Paleoproterozoic time during the formation of Columbia (Acharyya, ; Chakraborty, Sarkar, & Patranabis‐Deb, ; Dey, Mukherjee, Sanyal, Ibanez‐Mejia, & Sengupta, ; Meert et al, ; Meert & Pandit, ; Rogers & Santosh, ). Another group of workers is of the view that the Indian shield is an amalgam of at least three micro‐continents (northern Indian block, southern Indian block, and western Marwar block) with the final suturing of the southern and northern Indian blocks along the composite CITZ belt not occurring until ~1000 Ma (Bhowmik et al, ).…”