Decentralized tracking of humans using a camera network

Gruenwedel, Sebastian; Jelaca, Vedran; Niño-Castañeda, Jorge Oswaldo; Hese, Peter Van; Cauwelaert, Dimitri Van; Veelaert, Peter; Philips, Wilfried

doi:10.1117/12.907082

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Current extracted knowledge per location consists of a person's position and identification, gaze direction and activity status (e.g., sitting, walking, presenting, hands up/down). Four computer vision algorithms are used: face recognition by use of parabolic edge maps [12], people tracking [13], gaze detection [14] and hand detection and tracking. In our prototype, knowledge on people's position is used for extracting the behavior (e.g., entering, sitting, presenting) of the persons involved, based on the location of the person in the physical world (e.g., at the presenter board), the walking direction and speed and the size of each person.…”

Section: Overview Of the Teleconference Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ICOCOON Virtual Meeting Room: A Virtual Environment as a Support Tool for Multipoint Teleconference Systems

Demeulemeester

Kilpi

Elprama

et al. 2012

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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Abstract. Globalization and increasing collaboration between remote teams drive the need for teleconference systems. However, currently no videoconferencing system matches the face-to-face experience for a business meeting with many participants in a flexible and affordable manner. In search for a better solution, we created a Virtual Meeting Room (VMR) application that visualizes key events detected using computer vision (e.g., participant entering the meeting room, talking, presenting) in a 3D virtual environment. The goal was to provide a good sense of overview to users when many meeting participants -represented by 3D avatars -from remote locations join a teleconference. In this paper, a technical overview of the working prototype -built using 3D game technology -is presented. Also, feedback from multiple user tests performed during the development of the prototype is discussed and presented as a set of recommendations. From the technical perspective, we found that existing 3D game technology is mature, affordable and contains the features needed to build the VMR application. From the users' and experts' feedback, we conclude that the VMR has merits as a teleconferencing support tool accompanying a video stream that conveys more detailed non-verbal communication of the active speaker.

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Section: Overview Of the Teleconference Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ICOCOON Virtual Meeting Room: A Virtual Environment as a Support Tool for Multipoint Teleconference Systems

Demeulemeester

Kilpi

Elprama

et al. 2012

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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“…Many different kinds of foreground/background segmentation methods exist, Van Hese et al 3 conducted research on comparing the performance of the state-of-the-art foreground/background segmentation methods for the application of occupancy mapping. Gruenwedel et al 4 developed an edge based foreground detection method, and Bo Bo et al 5 proposed an foreground detection method using correlation. Both methods work well in terms of illumination changes, but they all suffer from identity switches when persons are too close to each other.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…shows the tracking result comparison between the proposed tracking system and the tracking system of Gruenwedel et al4 for sequence2. As the number of tracking loss inFig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Template matching based people tracking using a smart camera network

et al. 2014

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In this paper, we proposes a people tracking system composed of multiple calibrated smart cameras and one fusion server which fuses the information from all cameras. Each smart camera estimates the ground plane positions of people based on the current frame and feedback from the server from the previous time. Correlation coefficient based template matching, which is invariant to illumination changes, is proposed to estimate the position of people in each smart camera. Only the estimated position and the corresponding correlation coefficient are sent to the server. This minimal amount of information exchange makes the system highly scalable with the number of cameras. The paper focuses on creating and updating a good template for the tracked person using feedback from the server. Additionally, a static background image of the empty room is used to improve the results of template matching. We evaluated the performance of the tracker in scenarios where persons are often occluded by other persons or furniture, and illumination changes occur frequently e.g., due to switching the light on or off. For two sequences (one minute for each, one with table in the room, one without table) with frequent illumination changes, the proposed tracker never lose track of the persons. We compare the performance of our tracking system to a state-of-the-art tracking system. Our approach outperforms it in terms of tracking accuracy and people loss.

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“…One approach to do so would be to track the motion of each blob using advanced Motion Estimation (ME) techniques; more specifically, using pixel based techniques such as optical flow as in [Grünwedel et al 2012] or by tracking SIFT, SURF, FAST, etc. features within the blobs [Anjum and Cavallaro 2009].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-complexity scalable distributed multicamera tracking of humans

Gruenwedel

Jelaca

Niño-Castañeda

et al. 2014

ACM Trans. Sen. Netw.

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Real-time tracking of people has many applications in computer vision, especially in the domain of surveillance. Typically, a network of cameras is used to solve this task. However, real-time tracking remains challenging due to frequent occlusions and environmental changes. Besides, multicamera applications often require a trade-off between accuracy and communication load within a camera network. In this article, we present a real-time distributed multicamera tracking system for the analysis of people in a meeting room. One contribution of the article is that we provide a scalable solution using smart cameras. The system is scalable because it requires a very small communication bandwidth and only light-weight processing on a "fusion center" which produces final tracking results. The fusion center can thus be cheap and can be duplicated to increase reliability.In the proposed decentralized system all low level video processing is performed on smart cameras. The smart cameras transmit a compact high-level description of moving people to the fusion center, which fuses this data using a Bayesian approach. A second contribution in our system is that the camera-based processing takes feedback from the fusion center about the most recent locations and motion states of tracked people into account. Based on this feedback and background subtraction results, the smart cameras generate a best hypothesis for each person.We evaluate the performance (in terms of precision and accuracy) of the tracker in indoor and meeting scenarios where individuals are often occluded by other people and/or furniture. Experimental results are presented based on the tracking of up to 4 people in a meeting room of 9 m by 5 m using 6 cameras. In about two hours of data, our method has only 0.3 losses per minute and can typically measure the position with an accuracy of 21 cm. We compare our approach to state-of-the-art methods and show that our system performs at least as good as other methods. However, our system is capable to run in real-time and therefore produces instantaneous results.

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Decentralized tracking of humans using a camera network

Cited by 7 publications

References 25 publications

The ICOCOON Virtual Meeting Room: A Virtual Environment as a Support Tool for Multipoint Teleconference Systems

The ICOCOON Virtual Meeting Room: A Virtual Environment as a Support Tool for Multipoint Teleconference Systems

Template matching based people tracking using a smart camera network

Low-complexity scalable distributed multicamera tracking of humans

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