Decentralized position verification in geographic ad hoc routing

Abstract

SummaryInter-vehicle communication is regarded as one of the major applications of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). Compared to MANETs or wireless sensor networks (WSNs), these so-called vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) have unique requirements on network protocols. The requirements result mainly from node mobility and the demands of position-dependent applications. On the routing layer, those requirements are well met by geographic routing protocols. Functional research on geographic routing has already reached a considerable level, whereas security aspects have only been recently taken into account. Position information dissemination has been identified as being crucial for geographic routing since forged position information has severe impact regarding both performance and security.In this work, we first summarize the problems that arise from falsified position data. We then propose a framework that contains different detection mechanisms in order to mitigate or lessen these problems. Our developed mechanisms are capable of recognizing nodes cheating about their position in beacons (periodic position dissemination in most single-path geographic routing protocols, e.g., GPSR). Unlike other proposals described in the literature, our detection system does not rely on additional hardware or special nodes, which would contradict the ad hoc approach. Instead, we use a number of different independent sensors to quickly give an estimation of the trustworthiness of other nodes' position claims. The different sensors run either autonomously on every single node, or they require cooperation between neighboring nodes.The simulation evaluation proves that the combination of autonomous and cooperative position verification mechanisms successfully discloses most nodes disseminating false position information, and thereby widely prevents attacks using position cheating.

Detection of incorrect position information using speed and time span verification in VANET

“…Schoch et al [6] describe the problem that arises from the incorrect position. They have proposed a framework that contains different detection mechanisms in order to avoid many problems caused due to fake positions.…”

“…Hubaux et al [11] has proposed the concept of smart vehicles and various equipments that are associated to every vehicle so that the concept of sensors discussed earlier [6] can be applied successfully.…”

KITE: an efficient scheme for trust estimation and detection of errant nodes in vehicular cyber-physical systems

“…In vehicular communication, the adversary node detection scheme needs to be capable of covering all the nodes present in the multi‐hop communication range. However, detection of false position claim using local sensors, as proposed in , has its own limitations in terms of sensing range that limits the vehicles' capabilities to achieve global security.…”

SDRP: a secure distributed revocation protocol for vehicular environments

“…The secure protocol should be able to detect most of attacks against the routing process through mechanisms such as the following: Verification of position claim: almost all unicast routing protocols proposed for inter‐vehicular communication are position based . Hence, verifying the position is crucial to secure routing knowing that the forged position information has a severe impact on the performance and the security . Several location verification approaches developed in the literature can be used in our scheme. Verification of routing protocol execution: the adversarial nodes may attempt to compromise the network operation by exhibiting arbitrary (Byzantine) behavior .…”

“…Verification of position claim: almost all unicast routing protocols proposed for inter‐vehicular communication are position based . Hence, verifying the position is crucial to secure routing knowing that the forged position information has a severe impact on the performance and the security . Several location verification approaches developed in the literature can be used in our scheme.…”