“…Networks of multiple agents have been widely applied to execute a variety of spatially distributed tasks in the recent literature. A multi-agent network can effectively expand the cover range and increase the efficiency compared with a single agent when the agents are applied for environmental exploration (Nestmeyer et al, 2017;Baranzadeh and Savkin, 2017;Li et al, 2017Li et al, , 2018, navigation (Liu et al, 2018;Geng et al, 2016;Fazlollahtabar, 2016), tracking (Moon et al, 2015;Newstadt et al, 2015;Cui et al, 2017) and target searching (Lanillos et al, 2014;Lanillos, 2013). In most applications, the connectivity maintenance of the network is a required precondition (Cortés, 2008;Olfati-Saber and Murray, 2004).…”