Decentralized Automated Dispensing Devices: Systematic Review of Clinical and Economic Impacts in Hospitals

Tsao, Nicole W.; Lo, Clifford; Бабич, М. В.; Shah, Kieran; Bansback, Nick

doi:10.4212/cjhp.v67i2.1343

Cited by 41 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…A further factor for decision-makers to consider before implementing new initiatives is the cost of the intervention. Only a few studies have evaluated the cost differences between different alternatives for improvement of patient safety in relation to medication errors 9 24. Such economic evaluations are highly relevant to decision-making when scarce resources within the healthcare system are being prioritised.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of automated drug dispensing has been tested previously, but with inconsistent results. Some studies have found a reduction in the number of medication errors,7 8 although a recent review by Tsao et al 9 concluded that decentralised automated dispensing devices had limited potential to reduce medication errors, and that the impact of such devices is highly institution-specific. This highlights the need for testing automated dispensing systems in different settings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An automated medication system reduces errors in the medication administration process: results from a Danish hospital study

2015

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ObjectivesImprovements in a hospital's medication administration process might reduce the prevalence of medication errors and improve patient safety. The objective of this study was to evaluate the success of an automated medication system in reducing medication administration errors.MethodsA controlled before-and-after study with follow-up after 4 months was conducted in two Danish haematological hospital wards. The occurrence of administration errors was observed in two 3-week periods. The error rate was calculated by dividing the number of doses with one or more errors by the number of doses (opportunities for errors). Logistic regression was used to assess changes in error rates after implementation of the automated medication system with time, group, and interaction between time and group as independent variables. The estimated parameter for the interaction term was interpreted as the incremental change (‘difference-in-difference’) caused by the new dispensing system.ResultsA total of 697 doses with one or more errors were identified out of 2245 doses. The error rate decreased from 0.35 at baseline to 0.17 at follow-up in the intervention ward and from 0.37 to 0.35 in the control ward. The overall risk of errors was reduced by 57% in the intervention ward compared with the control ward (OR 0.43; 95% CI 0.30 to 0.63).ConclusionsThe automated medication system reduced the error rate of the medication administration process and thus improved patient safety in the medication process.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An automated medication system reduces errors in the medication administration process: results from a Danish hospital study

2015

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“…Tsao et al (2014) mendapatkan bahwa automated dispensing device memiliki potensi menurunkan medication error dan meningkatkan efisiensi yang terbatas. Potensi tersebut sangat tergantung pada institusi yang menerapkan dan seberapa baik diintegrasikan dengan proses distribusi obat.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Evaluasi Dampak Penerapan Automated Dispensing Machine Terhadap Dispensing Error Di Farmasi Rawat Jalan Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Bethesda Yogykarta

Sujatno

Pinzon

Meliala

2016

J.Pharm.Sci.Community

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(37,915.33 ± 3,160.12), higher than before implementation (36,812.67 ± 2,890.81), but not significant. The average of dispensing error after implementation (15,67 ± 6,28) was reduced significantly (p<0,05) than before (50.33 ± 34.47). The most frequent type of dispensing error were wrong quantity dispensed, wrong drug dispensed and wrong strength dispensed. The implementation of automated dispensing machine significantly reduce the incidence of dispensing error. Further investigaation needed to know the incidence of dispesning error cause by the machine and manual and factors that influenced. Keywords: automated dispensing machine, dispensing error PENDAHULUANPelayanan kesehatan merupakan sistem kompleks yang ditandai dengan penggunaan teknologi tinggi, pelayanan multidisiplin dengan kebebasan dalam menjalankan profesi. Pelayanan kesehatan tidak dapat dilepaskan terhadap kemungkinan untuk membuat kesalahan atau melakukan pelayanan yang tidak sesuai dengan standar sehingga berpotensi atau bisa menyebabkan kejadian yang tidak diinginkan dan membahayakan pasien. Kegagalan untuk melaksanakan apa yang sudah direncanakan untuk mencapai tujuan yang sudah ditetapkan atau melaksanakan perencanaan yang tidak sesuai dengan tujuan yang akan dicapai (medical error) harus senantiasa diminimalkan dalam setiap upaya pelayanan kesehatan yang bermutu dan aman (Kohn et al., 2000).Di Amerika Serikat dilaporkan 44.000 sampai 98.000 pasien meninggal setiap tahun akibat medical error. Dampak medical error sangat beragam mulai dari yang sangat ringan dan bisa pulih, sampai berat yang dapat menyebabkan kecacatan dan kematian. Medical error juga dapat menyebabkan bertambah parahnya penyakit sehingga lama dan biaya perawatan bertambah (Gyllensten, 2013).

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“…Automated drug delivery systems, popularly known as electronic dispensers for drugs and materials, are a promise of improved patient care, reduced medication errors, decreased costs, and a closer approximation of the pharmacist to direct patient care. [1][2][3] According to a technical opinion issued by the Health Technology Assessment Institute, electronic dispensaries can be defined as dispensing devices through an interface between the prescription and the equipment and can be classified as centralized (when located within the pharmacy service) or decentralized (if they are deployed in inpatient units). These systems allow the maintenance of decentralized stocks, however, controlled by the pharmacy staff.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Evaluation of the Deployment of Electronic Dispenser in Intensive Care Uni

Pizzato¹,

Blatt²,

Lima³

et al. 2019

Rev Bras Farm Hosp Serv Saude

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Introduction: Electronic dispensers of drugs and materials are automated dispensing systems that allow the control and maintenance of decentralized stocks contributing to patient safety. Objective: To describe the process of implantation of an electronic dispensary in an intensive care unit (ICU), to estimate the costs of implantation and time of return of investment, comparing pre and post implantation data. Methodology: data collection regarding cost, consumption and return of medicines and health products (PPS), as well as estimate of the cost of labor before and after the implementation of the dispensary and estimation of the time of return of investment. Results: comparing the pre and post periods, the value of drug consumption and PPS had an average reduction of 5.15% per month. Regarding the return of medicines in monetary terms, the average reduction was 91.49% per month. The return on investment occurs in 20.1 months. Conclusion: the implementation of the electronic dispensary showed a reduction of the items consumed and the return of medicines, contributing to cost reduction. Despite the initial investment cost the dispensary has a short / medium term return on investment.

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Decentralized Automated Dispensing Devices: Systematic Review of Clinical and Economic Impacts in Hospitals

Cited by 41 publications

References 12 publications

An automated medication system reduces errors in the medication administration process: results from a Danish hospital study

An automated medication system reduces errors in the medication administration process: results from a Danish hospital study

Evaluasi Dampak Penerapan Automated Dispensing Machine Terhadap Dispensing Error Di Farmasi Rawat Jalan Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Bethesda Yogykarta

Economic Evaluation of the Deployment of Electronic Dispenser in Intensive Care Uni

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