Decentralization and Avoiding Deforestation

Ardiansyah, Fitrian; Jotzo, Frank

doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198092001.003.0009

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Stated policies often fail to materialize in practice in Indonesia (e.g., McCarthy et al 2012;Anderson et al 2016); if underlying legislation is not comprehensible, harmonized or logical, there is little hope it will be effectively operationalized. Coherence across legislation is important within the civil law tradition (Eskridge 1989), particularly given the complex hierarchy of Indonesian regulations and crossjurisdictional challenges associated with decentralized governance (see Ardiansyah and Jotzo 2013;Suwarno et al 2015;Anderson et al 2016). In its absence, disagreements over valuation have already emerged between civil society and government (e.g., over state loss calculations, MAPPI 2009).…”

Section: Tensions To Fixing Valuationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Institutionalizing environmental valuation into policy: Lessons from 7 Indonesian agencies

Phelps

Dermawan

Garmendia

2017

Global Environmental Change

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Monetary valuation of the environment is increasingly embedded in policy. Despite broad claims that valuation is policy-relevant, there is widespread frustration that it has not widely improved environmental outcomes, that it obscures many other types of values, and presents unintended consequences. We argue that this is, in part, because of a tendency to overlook the mechanics of how valuation tools and data are embedded into the institutions (regulations, norms, rules, schemes) that mediate decision-making. Discussions of how valuation engages with policy are often anecdotal and rarely systematic. This manuscript responds with a structured analysis of valuation within 7 Indonesian government institutions. By analyzing the legislative provisions that deal with valuation within each agency, we explore the challenges of institutionalizing valuation into policy. We consider the difficulties of: defining what is (and isn't) valuable, specifying methods, and identifying policy objectives. We found broad gaps and inconsistencies in the aims, definitions, methods, and treatment of non-market goods and services. and identify a need for broadened thinking about the role of valuation data within everyday environmental governance, including how it is codified and operationalized. To this end, we provide a framework of the "cascade" relationship between environmental management, ecosystem goods and services, human wellbeing, and their relationship to environmental governance, which uncovers the mechanics of how valuation can inform decision-making via different institutional arrangements. We call for a critical, yet also more pragmatic and fieldbased interrogation, of how and why valuation is conducted by decision-makers, in order to improve our understanding of its social and environmental implications. * The Ministries of Environment and Forest have been merged into a single agency in late 2014, although their governing legislation remains separate. ** Under the WAVES program, BAPPENAS will work alongside BPS.

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Section: Tensions To Fixing Valuationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Institutionalizing environmental valuation into policy: Lessons from 7 Indonesian agencies

Phelps

Dermawan

Garmendia

2017

Global Environmental Change

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“…22 of 1999 on Regional Governance and Law No. 25 of 1999 on Fiscal Balancing between the Central and Regional Governments (Ardiansyah & Jotzo, 2013;Bennet, 2010). Under Law No.…”

Section: B Spatial Planning Forest Governance and Adat Rights In Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Laws governing development and those governing conservation are often in conflict (Garmestani , Allen, & Cabezas, 2008). Decentralization itself cannot guarantee the success of attaining sustainable forest management and securing the livelihood of local people (Angelsen, 2009;Ardiansyah & Jotzo, 2013;Suwarno, Hein, & Sumarga, 2015).…”

Section: Theoreticalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical Framework for Spatial Planning and Forest Management in Indonesia: Securing the Basic Rights for Adat People

et al. 2017

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THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK FOR SPATIAL PLANNING AND FOREST MANAGEMENT IN INDONESIA: SECURING THE BASIC RIGHTS FOR ADAT PEOPLE. Limited transparency, accountability, and participation in policy formulation as well as implementation mainly based on economic considerations, all lead to failure to attain sustainable forest management (SFM). Along with the reluctance of policy makers and lacking stakeholder capacity, less accurate data bases has also indicated a constraint in the development of appropriate action. The issues have been more complicated where they were correlated with economic imperatives, vested interest, ownership issues and the basic rights of indigenous communities living inside or adjacent the forest. Forest destruction will be no end without securing customary land and territorial rights. To cope with these issues, the concept of fair governance has been promoted as an alternative to the traditional pattern of administration. This paper examines a theoretical framework for policy development in order to attain SFM while respecting the rights of the adat people. We show that adaptive governance, adaptive management, and participatory learning are strategic approaches in governance reform to achieve sustainable forest management securing the customary rights and traditional land use of forest dependent people.Keywords: Forest management, adaptive governance, spatial planning, Indonesia, adat KERANGKA TEORI UNTUK PERENCANAAN TATA RUANG DAN PENGELOLAAN HUTAN DI INDONESIA: PERLINDUNGAN HAK DASAR MASYARAKAT ADAT. Minimnya transparansi, akuntabilitas dan partisipasi dalam perumusan kebijakan dan implementasi yang hanya didasarkan pada pertimbangan ekonomi, mengakibatkan kegagalan tercapainya tujuan pengelolaan hutan lestari (PHL). Seiring dengan keengganan para pembuat kebijakan dan keterbatasan kapasitas pemangku kepentingan, kurangnya basis data yang akurat telah terbukti

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“…To realise conservation and economic goals on the ground, institutional arrangements would also need to ensure that incentives reach key actors at a district or local level (Ardiansyah & Jotzo 2013).…”

Section: A5 Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing natural capital assets and ecosystem services under global change

Runting¹

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Human activities are placing increasing pressure on Earth's systems and finite natural resources.Climate change alters the provision of ecosystem services and natural capital, so innovative strategies are needed to adapt to these impacts. However, the formulation and implementation of such strategies is hindered by the substantial uncertainty involved in projections of climate change and the impacts this will have. This is confounded by the uncertain impacts of other drivers of change (such as varying demand and commodity prices), which can alter the demand for ecosystem service provision. To add to this challenge, ecosystem services and natural capital assets are not independent of each other, so policies targeting the provision of an individual ecosystem service (such as food production) need to consider the potential impacts they may have on other ecosystem services. I addressed this problem by developing and evaluating strategies to manage multiple ecosystem services under uncertain global drivers of change.In chapter 2 I conducted a systematic literature review of climate change impacts on ecosystem services and found that the impact of climate change on most types of services was predominantly negative, but varied across services, drivers of change, and assessment methods. Although uncertainty was usually incorporated into assessments, there were substantial gaps in the sources of uncertainty included. In addition relatively few studies integrated decision making, and even fewer studies aimed to include multiple drivers in decisions or identify solutions that were robust to uncertainty.I then addressed decision making under climate change using a case study of conservation planning for coastal wetlands and the ecosystem services they provide under sea level rise in chapters 3 and 4. The expansion of coastal developments can prevent potential landward wetland migration, exacerbating wetland loss as sea levels rise. Pre-emptive planning to set aside key coastal areas for wetland migration is therefore critical for the long term preservation of species habitat and ecosystem services. In chapter 3 I show that the opportunity cost of preserving wetlands is likely to be much higher under sea level rise than under current sea levels. Nonetheless, payments for ecosystem services were able to alleviate these costs, but even this was hampered with higher rates of sea level rise.I then explicitly incorporated uncertainty in sea level rise projections and modelling of wetland change into a novel problem formulation in chapter 4. I integrated a risk-sensitive resource allocation framework from economics, Modern Portfolio Theory, with a conservation planning ii framework. This approach allows the selection of a complementary set of connected sites that met a set of conservation objectives whilst hedging the risk of different climate change scenarios and associated uncertainties. I found that planning for specific projections of sea level rise was a relatively high risk strategy, even when planning for the most s...

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Decentralization and Avoiding Deforestation

Abstract: thank Stephen Howes for his comments. Salim Mazouz was involved in earlier joint work with Frank Jotzo from which underlying ideas in the section on providing local incentives emerged.

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

Institutionalizing environmental valuation into policy: Lessons from 7 Indonesian agencies

Institutionalizing environmental valuation into policy: Lessons from 7 Indonesian agencies

Theoretical Framework for Spatial Planning and Forest Management in Indonesia: Securing the Basic Rights for Adat People

Managing natural capital assets and ecosystem services under global change

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