Decellularized Tracheal Matrix Scaffold for Tracheal Tissue Engineering

Abstract

Decellularized tracheal matrix scaffold did not induce significant allograft rejection or foreign body reaction in vivo. Although the construct supported reepithelialization, stem cell-derived chondrocytes failed to engraft in the heterotopic environment and represent a focus of future investigations.

Decellularized Tracheal Extracellular Matrix Supports Epithelial Migration, Differentiation, and Function

“…Such grafts have been shown to maintain this cell population during the recovery period. 8,12,28 Furthermore, the decellularized matrix derived from porcine tracheal tissue promotes reepithelialization in a canine model of patch tracheoplasty. 29,30 Porcine decellularized tracheal tissue grafted into pigs and mice in heterotopic models showed no immune rejection.…”

Tissue Engineering of the Trachea: What is the Hold-up?

“…26 On the other hand, processing of rat tracheal scaffolds using detergent-enzymatic treatments appeared to not influence the mechanical strength of the scaffold, despite alteration of extracellular matrix composition in vitro. 27 However, subsequent in vivo application of the decellularized rat trachea supported epithelilatizatin but failed to host engraftment of stem cell-derived chondrocytes. 28 An additional, extensive in vitro and in vivo study conducted in rats using rabbit donors revealed that detergent-enzymatic method provides a scaffold similar to native trachea in vitro were resistant to collapse after 15 and 30days of transplantation.…”

“…27 However, subsequent in vivo application of the decellularized rat trachea supported epithelilatizatin but failed to host engraftment of stem cell-derived chondrocytes. 28 An additional, extensive in vitro and in vivo study conducted in rats using rabbit donors revealed that detergent-enzymatic method provides a scaffold similar to native trachea in vitro were resistant to collapse after 15 and 30days of transplantation. Additional efforts have been invested in further optimization of decellularization protocol by addition of ingredients such as Genipin.…”

“…An alternative prevailing approach has been the application of mesenchymal stem cellderived chondrocytes. 27,36,37 Despite the major advantages of clinical availability and processing protocols, results remain unsatisfactory. Since mesenchymal stem cells reside in adipose tissue and provide an effortless source for harvest, multiple studies have attempted to use adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells.…”

Tracheal Tissue Engineering

“…[200,199,202]. Heterotopic grafts are useful for verification of biological and immunologic compatibility, however, their predictive ability for orthotopic implantation is limited.…”