Decellularized ovine esophageal mucosa for esophageal tissue engineering

Ackbar, Richard; Ainoedhofer, Herwig; Gugatschka, Markus; Saxena, Amulya K.

doi:10.3233/thc-2012-0672

Cited by 26 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In our study, we have chosen to use the porcine esophagus as a potential scaffold substitute due to their size and structural similarities with the human esophagus. There are numerous publications on the decellularization of esophageal tissues, but few are based on large animals such as the pigs 13‐15 . There are significant differences when decellularizing organs of small versus large animals 16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perfusion decellularization of porcine esophagus: Study of two processing factors affecting the folded mucosal structure of the esophageal scaffold

Sitthisang

Leong

Chian

2020

J Biomedical Materials Res

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Acellular scaffolds from decellularized donor organs are showing promising clinical results in tissue and organ repair and regeneration. A successful decellularization process is determined by (a) its capability to decellularize complete organs of large animals, (b) retention of the extracellular matrix (ECM) structures and morphologies, and (c) minimal loss of ECM proteins. In this study, porcine esophagi were perfused in full thickness with 0.25% w/v sodium dodecyl sulfate at perfusion rates 0.1–0.2 ml/min for up to 5 days. Decellularized tissues were characterized for their residual DNA, histological staining for their matrix structures, immunohistochemical staining for collagen type IV and laminin, and scanning electron microscopy for structural integrity. Our results showed that full thickness esophageal tissues treated using the horizontal perfusion setup were decellularized with good structural and biochemical integrity in the ECM. Residual DNA content in decellularized tissues was found to be 36 ± 12 ng/mg of tissues (n = 6) which was significantly lower than that of native tissues (p = .00022). Our study showed that the organ must be decellularized in full thickness and perfusion pressure must be controlled to minimize radial expansion. These factors were found to be critical in preserving the folded mucosa in the decellularized tissues.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perfusion decellularization of porcine esophagus: Study of two processing factors affecting the folded mucosal structure of the esophageal scaffold

Sitthisang

Leong

Chian

2020

J Biomedical Materials Res

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“…Because of these hazards, it has become common in some tissues, such as blood vessels, to treat with detergents at very low concentrations over multiple days or even weeks, avoiding damage to ECM while eventually removing all cells [14]. Additionally, some decellularization protocols may be relatively brief, but require prolonged wash cycles to remove residual detergent [15]. Though these approaches can be effective, novel methods are desired to decellularize tissues as effectively but with shorter treatment times and without using harsh chemicals or solvents for long periods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel supercritical CO 2 -based decellularization method for maintaining scaffold hydration and mechanical properties

Casali

Handleton

Shazly

et al. 2018

The Journal of Supercritical Fluids

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A B S T R A C TDecellularized tissues are commonly utilized as tissue engineering scaffolds. Decellularization by extended exposure to aqueous detergents can damage the microstructure or deposit cytotoxic residue. Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO 2 ) has been proposed for decellularization, but reportedly causes dehydration and scaffold embrittlement.Presented herein is a novel decellularization method that preserves matrix hydration state and mechanical properties. Over 97% of the water in porcine aorta is maintained by presaturating scCO 2 with water; however, complete decellularization was not attained by any process utilizing only scCO 2 . Instead, a novel hybrid method is presented that combines a brief (48 h) exposure of tissue to aqueous detergent, followed by washing with scCO 2 (1 h). The hybrid method fully decellularized the tissue, as confirmed by histology and DNA quantification (<0.04 μg DNA/mg tissue). This hybrid treatment was faster than the standard method (2 days compared to 4-7 days), while preserving tissue structure and mechanical properties.

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“…Ovine tissue was selected because of the previous establishment of the ovine model as a model for in vitro and in vivo esophageal tissue engineering. 114 Esophageal mucosa is treated with a combination of mechanical agitation, treatment with SDS detergent, and DNase digestion. Histological examination shows a highly efficient removal of cells throughout the entire depth of the esophageal mucosa.…”

Section: Decellualrized Scaffoldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Esophagus Tissue Engineering: Designing and Crafting the Components for the “Hybrid Construct” Approach

Saxena

2014

Eur J Pediatr Surg

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Although being a tubular structure, the esophagus is an extremely complex organ to engineer. To engineer an organ, its components and their structure and function must be well understood. With regards to esophagus, extensive investigations have been performed in experimental models to understand the nature of the esophageal epithelial cells with regards to their isolation, culture, and growth on scaffolds to generate epithelium. Special subpopulations of these cells have been identified that possess proliferative capabilities with subsequent differentiative capacity to generate epithelium. Studies have also been performed to obtain data on the possibilities of utilizing esophageal biopsies from esophagus damaged after caustic exposure for tissue engineering applications. Subsequently, attention is being paid to the esophageal smooth muscle which is an extremely complex structure responsible for the propulsive activities. In addition to the muscle complex, proper functioning of the esophagus will require understanding of the enteric nervous system (ENS) that controls the propulsive activity in a coordinated manner. Investigations have been performed to better understand the esophageal ENS and to isolate and maintain these cells under tissue culture conditions. Besides the cellular elements, studies have also been performed to seed these cells on scaffolds and study the constructs with regards to cell attachment and viability under tissue culture conditions. Tests have also been performed on native esophageal tissue to understand the functioning of this tissue under the effect of pharmacological agents and to establish norms to compare engineered esophageal tissue. Vascularization, which is a limiting factor in tissue engineering, has been approached with the in situ bioreactor concept using the omentum not only to provide vascular ingrowth but also to offer a pedicle for the engineered esophagus to enable its surgical transposition. This review offers an insight into the advances in esophagus tissue engineering in a large experimental model using the "hybrid construct" approach which advocates the precise engineering of the tubular gastrointestinal organs based on growth of specific cells on specially designed scaffolds and amalgamating them to create the desired complex tissue structure.

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Decellularized ovine esophageal mucosa for esophageal tissue engineering

Cited by 26 publications

References 21 publications

Perfusion decellularization of porcine esophagus: Study of two processing factors affecting the folded mucosal structure of the esophageal scaffold

Perfusion decellularization of porcine esophagus: Study of two processing factors affecting the folded mucosal structure of the esophageal scaffold

A novel supercritical CO 2 -based decellularization method for maintaining scaffold hydration and mechanical properties

Esophagus Tissue Engineering: Designing and Crafting the Components for the “Hybrid Construct” Approach

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