Deceased tissue donor serology and molecular testing for HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses: a lack of cadaveric validated tests

Victer, Thayssa Neiva da Fonseca; Santos, Cris Stéphany Rodrigues dos; Báo, Sônia Nair; Sampaio, Thatiane Lima

doi:10.1007/s10561-016-9564-7

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, unclaimed bodies used for research and teaching purpose may only be received at universities weeks after death. Furthermore, the viral load is affected by hemodilution, duration of the disease, and adherence of antiretroviral treatment (Cavanaugh and King ; LeFor et al ; Gala et al ; Heim et al ; Greenwald et al ; Kurian et al ; Wilkemeyer et al ; Victer et al ; Prince and Hale ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, hemolysis influences HIV protein detection by Western blot and can produce false positive results (Guan ). With NAT, hemolysis may inhibit amplification of viral nucleic acids (Strong et al ; Meyer et al ; Victer et al ). No mention has been made on the effect of hemolysis on rapid HIV assays.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because the degree of autolysis and hemolysis increases with time, tissue should be retrieved as soon as possible (Watkins et al ; Padley et al ; Prince and Hale ). Filtration of samples with 0.2 μm filter membranes could remove debris or contaminations from the sample, which improves the reliability of the results (Padley et al ; Victer et al ). In addition to filtration, dilution of the samples may improve the results by decreasing the components that interfere with the HIV tests (Padley et al ; Strong et al ; Prince and Hale ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, few HIV tests are validated for post‐mortem samples (Padley et al ). One of the few assays that have been validated includes the Abbot PRISM® HIV Ag/Ab Combo, which is a chemiluminescent immunoassay (Victer et al ). Additionally, using more than one type of test would be beneficial (Barbara et al ; Greenwald et al ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Human immunodeficiency virus in cadavers: A review

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Millions of people are infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); however, limited research focuses on post-mortem HIV detection. Post-mortem HIV testing is vital because medical records are not always available, and the HIV status can be unknown. The aims of this study were to review the available literature and determine the most efficient HIV test for post-mortem samples, the optimal tissue or bodily fluid to be tested, and the duration that HIV remains reliably detectable. A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar. Terms were related to HIV (HIV detection, HIV testing, HIV prevalence) and deceased individuals (post-mortem, cadaver, deceased, organ donor). Inclusion criteria included English studies, or articles with at least an English abstract, while review articles were excluded. From this literature search, 43 studies were applicable. These studies most commonly used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot as screening and confirmation tests, respectively. As for the optimal tissue or bodily fluid, serum remained the golden standard, while testing skin seemed promising. HIV remains detectable in the body up to 58 days after death, although few studies tested samples after 48 h. Knowledge of the HIV status can be beneficial in the case of accidental exposure and can create a range of possible research opportunities on the effects of HIV in different organ systems. This review outlined several gaps in the current literature and future studies should investigate these gaps because this information can be relevant to numerous professions. Clin. Anat. 32:603-610, 2019.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Human immunodeficiency virus in cadavers: A review

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Previous studies have reported detection of salivary CA15-3 with ELISA but not with ECLIA and CLIA (13). We chose to evaluate detection of CA15-3 using CLIA and ECLIA because these techniques are used routinely in clinical exams for evaluation of serum tumor markers and serology of viral infectious agents (17). Recently, CLIA was used to evaluate proteins in liquor, demonstrating that the method can be used to analyze different fluids, such as saliva (17).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between salivary and serum CA15‑3 concentrations in patients with breast cancer

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The early detection of breast cancer enables the use of less aggressive treatment and increases patient survival. The transmembrane glycoprotein mucin 1, which is also known as cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3), is aberrantly glycosylated and overexpressed in a variety of epithelial cancers, and serves a crucial role in the progression of the disease. CA15-3 is currently used as a marker of breast cancer. In the present study, CA15-3 concentrations in saliva and blood of patients with breast cancer were evaluated to test new assays to detect salivary CA15-3 in addition to ELISA and its diagnostic value. To the best of our knowledge, there are no previous reports of the use of chemiluminescence assay (CLIA) and electrochemiluminescence assay (ECLIA) in saliva. Saliva and blood were collected on the same day from patients with breast cancer (n=26) and healthy controls (n=28). For each subject, the level of serum CA15-3 was measured using ECLIA, and the level of salivary CA15-3 was measured using ECLIA, CLIA and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). ELISA and CLIA were able to detect CA15-3 in saliva; however, ECLIA could not detect salivary CA15-3. There was no significant difference between the mean serum and salivary CA15-3 levels in patients with breast cancer or healthy controls. The levels of CA15-3 were highest for luminal breast cancer subtypes and stage IV cases. A moderate correlation was observed between salivary and serum CA15-3 levels as measured by ELISA in breast cancer patients (r=0.56; P=0.0047). The results demonstrated that ECLIA was not a good method to detect salivary CA15-3, although it is the gold standard for detecting serum CA15-3. The presence of CA15-3 in saliva was confirmed, and this will be useful in future research. Further investigations are necessary to confirm the ability to detect salivary CA15-3 and its correlation with serum CA15-3.

show abstract