Decadal changes of phytoplankton chlorophyll-a in the East Sea/Sea of Japan

Lee, S. H.; Son, Seung-Hyun; Dahms‬, Hans-Uwe; Park, J. W.; Lim, Jae-Hyun; Noh, Jae-Hoon; Kwon, Jong Bum; Joo, Hui Tae; Jeong, Jin-Yong; Kang, Chang‐Keun

doi:10.1134/s0001437014060058

Cited by 26 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…A distinct seasonal cycle of Chl-a concentrations, especially one showing seasonal patterns of spring and fall booms [20,31], was observed in the East Sea from the time-series ocean color data from 2003 to 2012. However, there were some differences in peak times and magnitudes of Chl-a concentration among the four sub-research areas (Figure 2).…”

Section: The Spatial and Seasonal Variations In Chl-a Concentrations mentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The standard primary productivity models are generally based on chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration, surface solar irradiance, light attenuation, and sea surface temperature from satellite data. Global time series of satellite-measured data allow the monitoring of intra-annual, inter-annual, multi-annual, and long-term changes in phytoplankton productivity [20]. The remote sensing program of ocean color measurements from satellite data was applied to estimate Chl-a concentrations and primary productivity based on a regional productivity model [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-Term Pattern of Primary Productivity in the East/Japan Sea Based on Ocean Color Data Derived from MODIS-Aqua

et al. 2015

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Abstract:The East/Japan Sea (hereafter, the East Sea) is highly dynamic in its physical phenomena and biological characteristics, but it has changed substantially over the last several decades. In this study, a recent decadal trend of primary productivity in the East Sea was analyzed based on Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)-derived monthly values to detect any long-term change. The daily primary productivities averaged using monthly values from 2003 to 2012 were 719.7 mg¨C¨m´2¨d´1 (S.D.˘197.5 mg¨C¨m´2¨d´1, n = 120) and 632.3 mg¨C¨m´2¨d´1 (S.D.˘235.1 mg¨C¨m´2¨d´1, n = 120) for the southern and northern regions of the East Sea, respectively. Based on the daily productivities, the average annual primary production in the East Sea was 246.8 g¨C¨m´2¨y´1, which was substantially higher than that previously reported in deep oceans. However, a decreasing trend (13% per 10 years) in the annual primary production was observed in the East Sea within the study period from 2003 to 2012. The shallower mixed layers caused by increased temperature could be a potential cause for the decline in annual production. However, this decline could also be part of an oscillation pattern that is strongly governed by the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). A better understanding of primary productivity patterns and their subsequent effects on the marine ecosystem is required for further interdisciplinary studies in the East Sea.

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Section: The Spatial and Seasonal Variations In Chl-a Concentrations mentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Pattern of Primary Productivity in the East/Japan Sea Based on Ocean Color Data Derived from MODIS-Aqua

et al. 2015

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“…In fact, Kang et al (2003) reported that the sea surface temperature (SST) in winter and spring steadily increased in the southern region of the EJS. Based on recent decadal surface chlorophyll a concentrations from the ocean colour satellite data (SeaWiFS and MODIS), Lee et al (2013) found that the average chlorophyll a concentration from 2008-2011 was rather higher than that from 1998-2001 in the EJS, especially along the coastal areas and the sub-polar fronts. In addition, the patterns of the chlorophyll a concentration such as duration and intensity of the phytoplankton spring bloom were observed to be substantially different between the two periods from 2008-2011 and 1998-2001. At the base of all oceanic food webs critical to ecosystem functioning is phytoplankton productivity which drives the oceanic biological pump and, therefore has the potential to affect global atmospheric CO 2 levels and its associated climate forcing.…”

Section: J H Kwak Et Al: Monthly Measured Primary and New Productimentioning

confidence: 99%

Monthly measured primary and new productivities in the Ulleung Basin as a biological "hot spot" in the East/Japan Sea

Kwak

Lee²,

Park

et al. 2013

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. The Ulleung Basin (UB), located in the southwestern part of the East/Japan Sea (EJS), is considered having an unusually high productivity for a deep basin. Recently changes have been reported in physical, chemical, and biological properties. Here we measured the primary and new productivities in the UB using a 13C-15N dual isotope tracer technique. Measurements took place every month for the first time throughout a year for a better estimate of the annual primary production in the EJS. Temporal variations of temperature, salinity, and density (σt) in the study area were highly seasonal as expected for an ocean in the temperate zone. Nutrient distributions reflected these seasonal fluctuations in the vertical structure of the water column. Diatoms were in general the most dominant phytoplankton ranging from 15.5 to 82.2% with an average of 42.0% (S.D. = ±9.9%). Based on those average daily productivities from our monthly measurements, the annual primary, new, and regenerated production in the UB were 273.0 g C m−2 yr−1, 62.6 g N m−2 yr−1, and 48.7 g N m−2 yr−1, respectively. Our estimated high f ratio (0.59) in the UB, indicated that the predominant nitrogen source for primary production was nitrate. This is comparable with the nitrogen source in a productive coastal-upwelling region. New carbon production by phytoplankton is estimated as 145.6 g C m−2 yr−1 (S.D. = ±40.8 g C m−2 yr−1) which indicates that a large portion (53.9%) of the total annual primary production might potentially be exported from the diatom-dominated euphotic zone to a deeper zone in the UB. Further intense integrated field observations will be necessary to improve our understanding of the current marine ecosystem in the UB as an important biological production area in the EJS.

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“…Many previous studies reported that the East/Japan Sea is a productive region, especially the Ulleung Basin located in the southwestern East/Japan Sea [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Recently, not only the changes in environmental conditions but also alterations in biological characteristics were reported 2 of 10 in many previous studies [4][5][6]8]. Especially, Joo et al [5] addressed a significant declining trend of the annual primary production in the Ulleung Basin which is the biological hotspot in the East/Japan Sea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of the Particulate Organic Carbon to Chlorophyll-a Ratio Using MODIS-Aqua in the East/Japan Sea, South Korea

et al. 2020

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In recent years, the change of marine environment due to climate change and declining primary productivity have been big concerns in the East/Japan Sea, Korea. However, the main causes for the recent changes are still not revealed clearly. The particulate organic carbon (POC) to chlorophyll-a (chl-a) ratio (POC:chl-a) could be a useful indicator for ecological and physiological conditions of phytoplankton communities and thus help us to understand the recent reduction of primary productivity in the East/Japan Sea. To derive the POC in the East/Japan Sea from a satellite dataset, the new regional POC algorithm was empirically derived with in-situ measured POC concentrations. A strong positive linear relationship (R2 = 0.6579) was observed between the estimated and in-situ measured POC concentrations. Our new POC algorithm proved a better performance in the East/Japan Sea compared to the previous one for the global ocean. Based on the new algorithm, long-term POC:chl-a ratios were obtained in the entire East/Japan Sea from 2003 to 2018. The POC:chl-a showed a strong seasonal variability in the East/Japan Sea. The spring and fall blooms of phytoplankton mainly driven by the growth of large diatoms seem to be a major factor for the seasonal variability in the POC:chl-a. Our new regional POC algorithm modified for the East/Japan Sea could potentially contribute to long-term monitoring for the climate-associated ecosystem changes in the East/Japan Sea. Although the new regional POC algorithm shows a good correspondence with in-situ observed POC concentrations, the algorithm should be further improved with continuous field surveys.

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Decadal changes of phytoplankton chlorophyll-a in the East Sea/Sea of Japan

Cited by 26 publications

References 20 publications

Long-Term Pattern of Primary Productivity in the East/Japan Sea Based on Ocean Color Data Derived from MODIS-Aqua

Long-Term Pattern of Primary Productivity in the East/Japan Sea Based on Ocean Color Data Derived from MODIS-Aqua

Monthly measured primary and new productivities in the Ulleung Basin as a biological "hot spot" in the East/Japan Sea

Estimation of the Particulate Organic Carbon to Chlorophyll-a Ratio Using MODIS-Aqua in the East/Japan Sea, South Korea

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Decadal changes of phytoplankton chlorophyll-a in the East Sea/Sea of Japan

Cited by 26 publications

References 20 publications

Long-Term Pattern of Primary Productivity in the East/Japan Sea Based on Ocean Color Data Derived from MODIS-Aqua

Long-Term Pattern of Primary Productivity in the East/Japan Sea Based on Ocean Color Data Derived from MODIS-Aqua

Monthly measured primary and new productivities in the Ulleung Basin as a biological &quot;hot spot&quot; in the East/Japan Sea

Estimation of the Particulate Organic Carbon to Chlorophyll-a Ratio Using MODIS-Aqua in the East/Japan Sea, South Korea

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Monthly measured primary and new productivities in the Ulleung Basin as a biological "hot spot" in the East/Japan Sea