Decadal changes in the land use/land cover and shoreline along the coastal districts of southern Gujarat, India

Misra, Aalok; Balaji, R.

doi:10.1007/s10661-015-4684-2

Cited by 26 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…largest city in India with an area of 325,000 km 2 and a population of 4.5 million. From 1990-2014 the city underwent considerable urban development within the Tapi river floodplain that resulted in a 170% increase in urban land cover (Misra and Balaji, 2015). Upstream from Surat the Tapi river has an approximate length of 634 km up to the origin and a catchment area of 62,000 km 2 (Fig.…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Flood modeling can make a difference: Disaster risk-reduction and resilience-building in urban areas

Ramı́rez

Rajasekar²,

Patel

et al. 2016

Preprint

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Abstract. Surat, India is a coastal city with a population of approximately 4.5 million people that lies on the banks of the river 10Tapi and is located 100 km downstream from the Ukai dam. Given Surat's geographic location the city is repeatedly exposed to flooding caused by large emergency dam releases into the Tapi river combined with high tide water levels. Flood events of this type occur twice a decade, but their frequency and magnitude may increase due to the urbanization, encroachment in flood plain and climate change. A first step towards strengthening resilience in Surat requires a robust method for mapping flood exposure at fine spatial resolution. Here, in this study we have developed such a method for Surat using a reduced-complexity 15 hydrodynamic model to simulate flooding, but is easily transferable to other urban locations. Our method features three distinct phases that involve: 1) modelling dam release discharge from the Ukai dam arriving at Surat, 2) modelling flooding within Surat caused by the combination of dam release and tides, and, 3) identifying Surat critical infrastructure, population, and income groups exposed to flooding. Our flood model of Surat utilizes topography produced using elevation data collected from an extensive survey. Within the city we have modelled flood scenarios that represent the uncertainty in flood peak discharge 20 and duration resulting from possible climate change. These scenarios include catastrophic conditions that flood 50% of the city and expose > 60% of the population and critical infrastructure to deep flooding. Finally, we highlight how our modelling has contributed to changes in flood risk management within the city following a major flood and resulted in actions that have increased community resilience to flood hazard.

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Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Flood modeling can make a difference: Disaster risk-reduction and resilience-building in urban areas

Ramı́rez

Rajasekar²,

Patel

et al. 2016

Preprint

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“…1) covering about 3120 km 2 and an elevation of 8 m (26 feet) above mean sea level (MSL). The gulf is 130 km in length, 70 km in width, and has a depth of 30 m [29]. Spread over 1, 85,365 ha, this wetland is identified as Intertidal mudflats, creeks, salt pans, salt marsh, and mangroves, etc.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological risk assessment of heavy metal contamination in mangrove forest sediment of Gulf of Khambhat region, West Coast of India

Singh

Kumar

2020

SN Appl. Sci.

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Mangrove forests are in severe threat from heavy metals pollution stimulated by the several human activities connected with hasty industrialization and urbanization. Heavy metals contamination of mangrove ecosystems has caused serious concern worldwide. The objective of the present research is to identify the heavy metal pollution in the mangrove forest sediments of the Gulf of Khambhat, Gujarat, India. The samples were collected from the 12 selected sites of the GoK and investigated for Pb, Cu, Cd, Cr, Ni, As, Co, Mn, Zn, and Hg using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. The abundance of heavy metals concentration in the sediment were found in the decreasing order of Mn > Zn > Cr > Ni > Cu

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“…In addition, coastal embankments have been deployed to significantly reduce the spread of invasive species such as Spartina alterniflora (Yang et al, 2017a). However, significant land-cover alteration is linked to coastal embankments [11][12][13][14] and plant invasions [15][16][17][18][19][20] in past decades, with the impact on GHG emissions still to be fully assessed. The carbon footprint of a coastal engineering project is usually more significant and complicated than expected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Sea Embankment Reclamation on Greenhouse Gas GHG Fluxes and Stocks in Invasive Spartina alterniflora and Native Phragmites australis Wetland Marshes of East China

Leng

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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The introduction of embankment seawalls to limit the expansion of the exotic C4 perennial grass Spartina alteniflora Loisel in eastern China’s coastal wetlands has more than doubled in the past decades. Previous research focused on the impact of sea embankment reclamation on the soil organic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stocks in salt marshes, whereas no study attempted to assess the impact of sea embankment reclamation on greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes in such marshes. Here we examined the impact of sea embankment reclamation on GHG stocks and fluxes of an invasive Spartina alterniflora and native Phragmites australis dominated salt marsh in the Dongtai wetlands of China’s Jiangsu province. Sea embankment reclamation significantly decreased soil total organic C by 54.0% and total organic N by 73.2%, decreasing plant biomass, soil moisture, and soil salinity in both plants’ marsh. It increased CO2 emissions by 38.2% and 13.5%, and reduced CH4 emissions by 34.5% and 37.1%, respectively, in the Spartina alterniflora and Phragmites australis marshes. The coastal embankment wall also significantly increased N2O emission by 48.9% in the Phragmites australis salt marsh and reduced emissions by 17.2% in the Spartina alterniflora marsh. The fluxes of methane CH4 and carbon dioxide CO2 were similar in both restored and unrestored sections, whereas the fluxes of nitrous oxide N2O were substantially different owing to increased nitrate as a result of N-loading. Our findings show that sea embankment reclamation significantly alters coastal marsh potential to sequester C and N, particularly in native Phragmites australis salt marshes. As a result, sea embankment reclamation essentially weakens native and invasive saltmarshes’ C and N sinks, potentially depleting C and N sinks in coastal China’s wetlands. Stakeholders and policymakers can utilize this scientific evidence to strike a balance between seawall reclamation and invasive plant expansion in coastal wetlands.

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Decadal changes in the land use/land cover and shoreline along the coastal districts of southern Gujarat, India

Cited by 26 publications

References 29 publications

Flood modeling can make a difference: Disaster risk-reduction and resilience-building in urban areas

Flood modeling can make a difference: Disaster risk-reduction and resilience-building in urban areas

Ecological risk assessment of heavy metal contamination in mangrove forest sediment of Gulf of Khambhat region, West Coast of India

The Impact of Sea Embankment Reclamation on Greenhouse Gas GHG Fluxes and Stocks in Invasive Spartina alterniflora and Native Phragmites australis Wetland Marshes of East China

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