Decabromodiphenyl ethane affects embryonic development by interfering with nuclear F‐actin in zygotes and leads to cognitive and social disorders in offspring mice

Abstract

Decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) is a novel retardant. DBDPE is used in various flammable consumer products such as electronics, building materials, textiles, and children's toys. The presence of DBDPE in humans makes it extremely urgent to assess the health effects of DBDPE exposure. Here, we used female mice as an animal model to investigate the effects of DBDPE on embryonic development and offspring health. The results showed that 50 μg/kg bw/day of DBDPE exposure did not affect spindle rotation in oocytes after fertilization, but led to a decrease of pronuclei (PN) in zygotes. Further investigation found that DBDPE interferes with the self‐assembly of F‐actin in PN, resulting in PN reduction, DNA damage, and reduced expression of zygotic genome activating genes, and finally leading to abnormal embryonic development. More importantly, we found that maternal DBDPE exposure did not affect the growth and development of the first generation of offspring (F1) mice, but resulted in behavioral defects in F1 mice. Female F1 mice from DBDPE‐exposed mothers exhibited increased motor activity and deficits in social behavior. Both female and male F1 mice from DBDPE‐exposed mothers exhibited cognitive memory impairment. These results suggest that DBDPE has developmental toxicity on embryos and has a cross‐generational interference effect. It is suggested that people should pay attention to the reproductive toxicity of DBDPE. In addition, it also provides a reference for studying the origin of neurological diseases and indicates that adult diseases caused by environmental pollutants may have begun in the embryonic stage.

Actin polymerization and depolymerization in developing vertebrates

“…Actin polymerization participated in the formation of swollen protoplasts by nuclei of the sperm and egg in mammalian embryonic development, which were essential for producing fully fertilized eggs (Okuno et al, 2020). Interfering with the assembly of F-actin in protoplasts reduced the expression of genome-activating genes, which resulted in abnormal embryonic development (Shi et al, 2022). Therefore, the stable polymerization of actin is important for early embryonic development.…”