Death Anxiety in a National Sample of United States Funeral Directors and its Relationship with Death Exposure, Age, and Sex

Harrawood, Laura K.; White, Lyle J.; Benshoff, John J.

doi:10.2190/om.58.2.c

Cited by 40 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Previous studies also documented that the sense of alienation and loneliness is especially prevalent among older adults (Victor & Yang, ). The finding is also somewhat inconsistent with existing literature in death studies documenting that death anxiety decreases with age (Harrawood, White, & Benshoff, ). It is possible that with age, people become accustomed to think of themselves according to socially imposed roles with implied responsibilities.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

Existential Authenticity and Anxiety as Outcomes: The Tourist in the Experience Economy

Kirillova

Lehto

Cai

2016

Int. J. Tourism Res.

124

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The idea of meaning‐making as embedded in the experience economy 3.0 implies that greater consumption does not lead to greater contentment, and thus, products that have the capacity to meaningfully transform a consumer are to constitute the ultimate economic offering. Conceptualizing transformation as changes in tourist existential authenticity and anxiety, this study investigates the effect of tourism on these existential dimensions. Utilizing the survey data, we find positive effects and discover that perceived meaningfulness is the major influencing factor. Additionally, the type of tourism experiences, travel party size, tourist gender, age, and educational level significantly affect tourist existential authenticity and anxiety. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

Existential Authenticity and Anxiety as Outcomes: The Tourist in the Experience Economy

Kirillova

Lehto

Cai

2016

Int. J. Tourism Res.

124

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Spirituality and age accounted for 19% of the variation in death anxiety,R 2 = .190, R 2 adj = .180, F(2, 168) = 19.64, p < .001. Age was included in the model as it was previously found to have a significant negative correlation with death anxiety in the sample (r = -.28; Harrawood et al, 2008). In the current study, spirituality was negatively related to death anxiety (beta = -.353, p < .001) as well as age (beta = -.198, p < .001).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 53%

“…Therefore, this study, which is part of a larger study (Harrawood, White, & Benshoff, 2008), utilized a national sample of funeral directors/embalmers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring Spirituality, Religiosity, and Denial in Individuals Working in Funeral Service to Predict Death Anxiety

Harrawood

2010

Omega (Westport)

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of the present study was to examine predictors of death anxiety in U.S. funeral directors/embalmers who were part of a larger study (n = 234). Backward stepwise multiple regression was conducted to determine whether or not spirituality, intrinsic religiosity, extrinsic religiosity, and denial predicted levels of death anxiety. Results indicated that spirituality along with age of the participants accounted for 19% of the variance of death anxiety, R2 = .190, R2(adj) = .180, F(2, 168) = 19.64, p < .001. Intrinsic religiosity, extrinsic religiosity, and denial were not significant in the regression model. Several items, however, in the model had a significant positive correlation with each other at the .01 alpha level including spirituality with intrinsic religiosity (r = .63) and age (r = .21), and intrinsic religiosity with denial (r = .22) and age (r = .24). Other variables correlated negatively with one another at the .01 alpha level. Namely, death anxiety with spirituality (-.38), intrinsic religiosity (r = -.36), and age (-.28); spirituality with extrinsic religiosity (-.22); intrinsic religiosity with extrinsic religiosity (-.45); and extrinsic religiosity with age (r = -.19). Limitations of the study and implications for practice were discussed.

show abstract

“…In all studies, we controlled for age and gender of participants because age-related and gender-related differences in death anxiety, religiosity, and dominance and aggressiveness were reported by earlier studies (e.g. Harwood, White, & Benshoff, 2009;Pierce, Cohen, Chambers, & Meade, 2007;Whitley, 1999).…”

Section: Present Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrinsic religiosity reduces intergroup hostility under mortality salience

Zavala¹,

Cichocka

Orehek

et al. 2012

Euro J Social Psych

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Results of three studies indicate that intrinsic religiosity and mortality salience interact to predict intergroup hostility. Study 1, conducted among 200 American Christians and Jews, reveals that under mortality salience, intrinsic (but not extrinsic or quest) religiosity is related to decreased support for aggressive counterterrorism. Study 2, conducted among 148 Muslims in Iran, demonstrates that intrinsic religiosity predicts decreased out-group derogation under mortality salience. Study 3, conducted among 131 Polish Christians, shows that under mortality salience, priming of intrinsic religious concepts decreases support for aggressive counterterrorism. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.The terrorist attacks of 9/11 inspired the belief that religion motivates and encourages political violence. In 2006, a Gallup Poll found that 33% of Americans believed that mainstream Islam promotes violence against non-Muslims. In a recent paper, Hogg, Adelman and Blagg (2010) explained why, when, and how religious zeal can encourage political violence. They argue that a religion can be understood as a social group and that individual religiosity reflects the extent to which people identify with the religious group and follow its norms. Religions provide consolation and authoritative answers to most important existential questions. This feature makes them appealing in times of uncertainty and mortality threat. At the same time, because of their fundamental claims, religious beliefs inspire unquestioning obedience and ideological zeal that can blind people to morally questionable aspects of their actions (Hogg et al., 2010).Yet, religiosity is not inevitably related to intergroup hostility. For example, the 2009 Gallup Poll confirms that people who practice their (non-Muslim) religions report the lowest prejudice against Muslims and Islam (Gallup Inc, 2009). Intrinsic religious commitment is related to decreased prejudice (e.g., Hall, Matz, & Wood, 2010), and frequent meditative, personal prayer reduces hostility (e.g., Butler, Stout, & Gardner, 2002). In addition, religions are associated with norms of benevolence and compassion that mitigate intergroup hostility among religious fundamentalists under mortality salience .In three studies, we explore the idea that distinguishing between different ways of being religious allows us to more adequately understand the role of individual religiosity in intergroup context under mortality threat. We propose that mortality salience strengthens the relationship between intrinsic religious commitment and decreased intergroup hostility. We test this prediction in the context of what is often referred to as the "conflict between the Muslim and the Western world" (e.g., Pyszczynski et al., 2006). Before we outline our hypotheses in more detail, we will discuss the findings regarding intergroup hostility under mortality threat and the relationships between individual religious orientations and intergroup negativity. EXISTENTIAL THREAT AND INTERGROUP HOSTILITYMortality salie...

show abstract

Death Anxiety in a National Sample of United States Funeral Directors and its Relationship with Death Exposure, Age, and Sex

Cited by 40 publications

References 46 publications

Existential Authenticity and Anxiety as Outcomes: The Tourist in the Experience Economy

Existential Authenticity and Anxiety as Outcomes: The Tourist in the Experience Economy

Measuring Spirituality, Religiosity, and Denial in Individuals Working in Funeral Service to Predict Death Anxiety

Intrinsic religiosity reduces intergroup hostility under mortality salience

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About