“…Within the last few decades, MSCs have been widely investigated for their potential use in tissue regeneration because of their multipotent and immunomodulatory properties (42), even though they are generally harvested through more painful and invasive procedures than simple skin biopsy, such as muscle tissue biopsy (43), bone marrow aspiration (44), and liposuction (45). In addition, it is now well documented that MSCs exhibit transient and surprisingly low (less than 1%) engraftment in newly formed tissues (46,47).…”