Dead-time-free ion momentum spectroscopy of multiple ionization of Xe clusters irradiated by euv free-electron laser pulses

Fukuzawa, H.; Liu, X.-J.; Prümper, G.; Okunishi, M.; Shimada, Kozo; Ueda, Kiyoshi; Harada, Tetsuo; Toyoda, Mitsuo; Yanagihara, Mihiro; Yamamoto, Masaki; Iwayama, H.; Nagaya, K.; Yao, Makoto; Motomura, K.; Saitô, Norio; Rudenko, Artem; Ullrich, J.; Foucar, L.; Czasch, A.; Dørner, R.; Nagasono, Mitsuru; Higashiya, A.; Yabashi, Makina; Ishikawa, Tetsuya; Ohashi, Haruhiko; Kimura, Hiroaki

doi:10.1103/physreva.79.031201

Cited by 46 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Argon clusters irradiated with 32 nm FEL pulses and power densities of 4x10 14 W/cm 2 exhibit ion kinetic energies of a few eV only and larger cluster fragments appear [10], similar to subsequent experiments at 51 nm [27].…”

Section: Iii1mentioning

confidence: 61%

Clusters in intense FLASH pulses: ultrafast ionization dynamics and electron emission studied with spectroscopic and scattering techniques

Bostedt

Adolph

Eremina

et al. 2010

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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FLASH, the first FEL operating at short wavelength, has paved the way for novel types of experiments in many different scientific disciplines. Key questions for the first experiments with this new type of light source are linked to light–matter interaction and ionization processes. This paper gives an overview of the ultrafast ionization dynamics and electron emission of pure and doped rare gas clusters illuminated with intense short-wavelength pulses by summarizing the findings of recent years' work at FLASH. Atomic clusters are ideal for investigating the light–matter interaction because their size can be tuned from the molecular to the bulk regime, thus allowing us to distinguish between intra and interatomic processes. The ionization processes turned out to be strongly wavelength dependent. Plasma absorption, while dominant at 13 eV, becomes insignificant at photon energies above 40 eV. The cluster ionization and disintegration proceed in several steps on a time scale from fs to ps. Insight into the involved processes can be obtained with ion and electron spectroscopy. The high intensity of FLASH pulses opens the door for a new imaging approach to study nanoparticles. Scattering patterns of single and few clusters can be recorded in a single shot. Initial results of scattering experiments and their comparison to Mie calculations show that two- and three-dimensional structural information of gas phase particles can be obtained this way.

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Section: Iii1mentioning

confidence: 61%

Clusters in intense FLASH pulses: ultrafast ionization dynamics and electron emission studied with spectroscopic and scattering techniques

Bostedt

Adolph

Eremina

et al. 2010

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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show abstract

“…At SCSS, over the photon energy range 20 and 24 eV, with the FEL power density in the range 10 11 − 10 14 W/cm 2 , Nagaya and coworkers investigated extensively EUVFEL-induced dynamics of various rare gas clusters [373][374][375][376][377][378][379][380]. Under these experimental conditions they found (via ion spectrometry) frustration of direct cluster photoionization stemming from the strong Coulomb potential of the highly ionized cluster but no indication for heating mechanisms other than sequential photoionization of the individual atoms in the cluster [373,374,377]. They also discussed charge redistribution in both xenon clusters [375] and in argon-core-neon-shell clusters [376].…”

Section: Clustersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-wavelength free-electron laser sources and science: a review

et al. 2017

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This review is focused on free-electron lasers (FELs) in the hard to soft x-ray regime. The aim is to provide newcomers to the area with insights into: the basic physics of FELs, the qualities of the radiation they produce, the challenges of transmitting that radiation to end users and the diversity of current scientific applications. Initial consideration is given to FEL theory in order to provide the foundation for discussion of FEL output properties and the technical challenges of short-wavelength FELs. This is followed by an overview of existing x-ray FEL facilities, future facilities and FEL frontiers. To provide a context for information in the above sections, a detailed comparison of the photon pulse characteristics of FEL sources with those of other sources of high brightness x-rays is made. A brief summary of FEL beamline design and photon diagnostics then precedes an overview of FEL scientific applications. Recent highlights are covered in sections on structural biology, atomic and molecular physics, photochemistry, non-linear spectroscopy, shock physics, solid density plasmas. A short industrial perspective is also included to emphasise potential in this area.

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“…The difference between multi-photon ionization at near-infrared frequencies (∼ 1.5 eV) and at extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) frequencies or higher (> 50 eV) lies in the fact that multi-photon single-electron ionization is drastically suppressed in the latter case due to the small dipole matrix elements for continuum-continuum transitions which typically would be required for an electron to absorb more than one photon. As a consequence, multi-photon ionization by XUV or X-ray radiation, as available from novel free-electron laser sources [1][2][3], means single-photon ionization of many atoms in an extended target such as a cluster or bio-molecule [4][5][6]. We call this process photo activation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of photo-activated Coulomb complexes

2011

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Intense light with frequencies above typical atomic or molecular ionization potentials as provided by free-electron lasers couples many photons into extended targets such as clusters and biomolecules. This implies, in contrast to traditional multi-photon ionization, multiple single-photon absorption. Thereby, many electrons are removed from their bound states and either released or trapped if the target charge has become sufficiently large. We develop a simple model for this photo activation to study electron migration and interaction. It satisfies scaling relations which help to relate quite different scenarios. To understand this type of multi-electron dynamics on very short time scales is vital for assessing the radiation damage inflicted by that type of radiation and to pave the way for coherent diffraction imaging of single molecules.

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Dead-time-free ion momentum spectroscopy of multiple ionization of Xe clusters irradiated by euv free-electron laser pulses

Cited by 46 publications

References 22 publications

Clusters in intense FLASH pulses: ultrafast ionization dynamics and electron emission studied with spectroscopic and scattering techniques

Clusters in intense FLASH pulses: ultrafast ionization dynamics and electron emission studied with spectroscopic and scattering techniques

Short-wavelength free-electron laser sources and science: a review

Dynamics of photo-activated Coulomb complexes

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