Deacetylation behavior of binary blend films of cellulose acetate and various polymers

Abstract

For binary blend films of cellulose acetate (CA) and various polymers, the elution behavior of the polymers from the CA films in different environments (i.e., soil, water) was examined. For the CA film containing poly-(ethylene glycol) (PEG), the PEG eluted to the periphery of the film completely. On the other hand, polyvinylpyrrolidone blended with CA remained in the CA film. A CA film containing acrylic acid was prepared, and this film was heated. The elution of acrylic acid was inhibited by its polymerization. These results suggested that the internal polymers were capable of remaining in the CA film by polymer entanglement. Second, we examined the deacetylation and biodegradation behavior of CA films containing polymers with a phosphoric acid moiety in the side chain, such as poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate phosphoric acid ester)[poly(HEMA-P)]. Poly(HEMA-P) had the ability to deacetylate the CA, and the biodegradation rate of the CA films containing poly(HEMA-P) increased in comparison with that of the nonadditive CA films. The elution of internal 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate phosphoric acid ester was inhibited by the copolymerization with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate or crosslinking. In the case of both 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate phenyl phosphoric acid ester and 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate, the acetonesoluble polymers were obtained by radical polymerization in a mixture of acetone and water.

Recent advances in (reactive) melt processing of cellulose acetate and related biodegradable bio-compositions

“…However, the use of such low molecular weight PEG as a plasticizer is restricted due to bleeding problems. 23 The interactions between the PEG free hydroxyl groups and CA chains increase the polysaccharide melting temperature and enhance its tensile strength. 20 Transport properties of so-produced membranes showed also improvement in the separation of macromolecular proteins and toxic heavy metal ions.…”

Pilot–Scale Production of Carbon Hollow Fiber Membranes from Regenerated Cellulose Precursor-Part I: Optimal Conditions for Precursor Preparation

“…Cellulose esters, in particular, cellulose acetate (CA), is relatively inexpensive, easily commercially available, and have been applied successfully for many years, as a membrane material in different applications, such as water treatment, pervaporation, gas separation etc. [8,9,10,11,12]. CA is soluble in common solvents like NMP ( N -methyl-2-pyrrolidone), DMSO (dimethylsulfoxide) and acetone.…”

“…The spinning parameters, such as dope and bore fluid composition, extrusion rate, spinneret dimensions, air gap, coagulation temperature, take up rate and solvent exchange method, were optimized to achieve maximum yield (based on length, quantity of good fibers, mechanical properties of CHF, and separation properties of resulting CM) of CHF. The CAHF can be deacetylated by exchange of acetyl group with a hydroxyl group using a base catalyst [12]. Various authors have reported the importance of different types of base solutions, concentrations, and the reaction time for deacetylation process [12,20,21,22,23].…”

“…The CAHF can be deacetylated by exchange of acetyl group with a hydroxyl group using a base catalyst [12]. Various authors have reported the importance of different types of base solutions, concentrations, and the reaction time for deacetylation process [12,20,21,22,23]. The deacetylation process is crucial to regenerate CHF with desired structure and properties as a precursor for carbon membrane.…”

Preparation, structure, and properties of melt spun cellulose acetate butyrate fibers

“…2 In order to facilitate melt processing of CA, a large quantity of plasticizers must be used in conjunction with CA to decrease the melt flow temperature and improve its poor melt fluidity. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] This method indeed effectively broadened its thermoplastic processing window. However, such a large quantity of plasticizers always significantly reduces the strength of CA.…”