de Sitter Space as a Glauber‐Sudarshan State: II

Abstract

We provide further evidence to support the fact that a four-dimensional effective field theory description with de Sitter isometries in IIB string theory, overcoming the no-go and the swampland criteria, can only exist if de Sitter space is realized as a Glauber-Sudarshan state. We show here that this result is independent of the choice of de Sitter slicings. The Glauber-Sudarshan state, constructed by shifting the interacting vacuum in the M-theory uplift of the scenario, differs from a standard coherent state in QFT in the sense that the shape and size of the state changes with respect to time, implying changes in the graviton and the flux quanta. Despite this, the expectation values of the graviton and flux operators in such a state reproduce the exact de Sitter background, as long as we are within the temporal bound set by the onset of the strong coupling in the dual type IIA side, and satisfy the corresponding Schwinger-Dyson's equations in the presence of hierarchically controlled perturbative and non-perturbative quantum corrections. Additionally, we provide a detailed study of the fluxes supporting the Glauber-Sudarshan state in the M-theory uplift of the IIB scenario. We show explicitly how the Bianchi identities, anomaly cancellation and flux quantization conditions, along-with the constraints from the Schwinger-Dyson's equations, conspire together to provide the necessary temporal dependences to support such a state in full M-theory. We also discuss how our analysis points towards a surprising connection to the four-dimensional null energy condition, for a Friedman-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker state in the IIB side, as a consistency condition for the existence of an effective field theory description in M-theory. Lord Carnarvon: Can you see anything? Howard Carter: Yes ..... wonderful things! − Reply that Howard Carter gave to Lord Carnarvon just before entering the main annexe of the tomb of Tut.Ankh.Amen on Sunday, November 26, 1922 around 4:00 pm. Taken from [1].

Heterotic de Sitter beyond modular symmetry

“…Thus the dS vacua generated by Shenker terms are metastable. This is in accord with the general notion that if dS vacua exist in theories of quantum gravity, they must be at best metastable [80] and perhaps correspond to resonances [81][82][83] or mixed states in the AdS/CFT correspondence [84][85][86][87].…”

String Cosmology: from the Early Universe to Today

“…• dS as a coherent state: It has been proposed that 4-dimensional dS space is a coherent state (in particular a Glauber-Sudarshan state) over a supersymmetric Minkowski vacuum (see e.g. [369,370]). The claim is that this is realizable in full string theory, but only with the inclusion of with temporally varying degrees of freedom and quantum corrections arising from them.…”

The inheritance of energy conditions: Revisiting no-go theorems in string compactifications

“…In particular, it was shown in [8] that a non-singular, time-dependent compactification might give a dS 4 space without violating the higher-dimensional SEC, but that the SEC and NEC together prevents such a solution. Indeed, time-dependent compactifications were also shown to avoid no-go theorems in [9] and [10][11][12], although curvature and quantum corrections were also present in the latter, and the interplay of this work with the NEC was studied in [13], where it was found out that the lower-dimensional NEC is necessary for an higher-dimensional effective field theory description of the full background solution in M-theory. There are more recent results in understanding string compactifications and its relation to cosmological solutions (see [14][15][16][17][18] and references therein).…”