De la Sonorisation des Occlusives Initiales en Basque

Martinet, André

doi:10.1080/00437956.1950.11659382

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Hualde (1995) argues that the original word-accent location in Basque is initial or second. This view is in line with Martinet (1950Martinet ( , 1955 and Michelena (1977). Martinet (1950Martinet ( , 1955 argues that stress originally fell on the initial syllable of a word in proto-Basque, based on the fact that aspiration occurs only on the initial syllable khaka/*kakha/*khakha (cfr.…”

Section: Basque Accentuationsupporting

confidence: 85%

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Externalization and morphosyntactic parameters in Basque

Tokizaki¹

2020

Fontes Linguae Vasconum 50 Urte. Ekarpen Berriak Euskararen Ikerketari / Nuevas Aportaciones Al Estudio De La Lengua

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tokizaki, h., Externalization and morphosyntactic parameters in Basque 549 (1) a. Equal prefixing and suffixing (26A) (Dryer, 2013a) b. Object-Verb (83A) (Dryer, 2013b) c. Postpositions (85A) (Dryer, 2013c) d. Genitive-Noun (86A) (Dryer, 2013d) e. Noun-Adjective (87A) (Dryer, 2013e) Izenburua/Título: Fontes Linguae Vasconum 50 urte. Ekarpen berriak euskararen ikerketari/Nuevas aportaciones al estudio de la lengua vasca

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Section: Basque Accentuationsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…In this paper, I assume that stress originally fell on the initial or second syllable of a word in Proto-Basque, following Martinet (1950Martinet ( , 1955 and Michelena (1977). This left-edge stress has been retained in the central area.…”

Section: Basque Accentuationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Externalization and morphosyntactic parameters in Basque

Tokizaki¹

2020

Fontes Linguae Vasconum 50 Urte. Ekarpen Berriak Euskararen Ikerketari / Nuevas Aportaciones Al Estudio De La Lengua

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“…In the native lexicon, words starting with voiceless stops are exceedingly rare. To explain their absence, Martinet (1950) suggested that earlier voiceless stops in this position were always aspirated and became /h/ (which later may have been lost in some words). Under this hypothesis, at least some instances of word-initial /h/ may continue an earlier voiceless stop.…”

Section: Word-initial /H/mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In principle, it would seem most reasonable to assume that, in this case, /k/ is the oldest realization, and the laryngeal fricative has resulted from the lenition of the velar stop; that is, /k-/ > /g-/ > /h-/ (see, e.g. Martinet 1950, 229, Michelena [1977. However, several authors have pointed out that there are reasons for concluding that the stop-initial demonstratives and adverbs are actually more recent (Camino 1997, 407-415, Manterola 2015, 38-39, Lakarra 2011.…”

Section: Word-initial /H/mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aspiration in Basque

Honeybone

2018

PiHPh

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The distribution of aspiration in Basque -with 'aspiration' referring to both the occurrence of [h] and of aspirated stops -shows some puzzling aspects. In some words, aspiration is ancient, in the sense that it must be assumed for the earliest reconstructable stage. In some other instances, however, it has arisen seemingly ex nihilo, as can be observed in borrowings from Latin and Romance, e.g. Latin/Romance īra > Basque hira 'ire', Romance taula > Basque thaula 'board'. Most surprisingly, in some words aspiration has developed after a sonorant consonant, e.g. Romance solatz > Basque solhas 'conversation'. Aspiration may also continue intervocalic /n/, e.g. Latin anāte > Basque ahate 'duck'. Another unusual development is the phonologization of the contrast between aspirated and unaspirated voiceless stops triggered by a shift of the stress in some words without affecting the properties of consonants. Finally, an interdialectal alternation /k-/ ~ /g-/ ~ /h-/ ~ ∅ in demonstratives and related adverbs appears to have involved fortition, contrary to initial expectations. Here we describe the environments in which aspiration is found in Basque and discuss the most likely historical developments that could have given rise to the state of affairs that we find, paying particular attention to what would appear to be unusual or unnatural sound changes. We build on prior scholarship, but this paper also contains some new hypotheses, especially regarding the aspiration in words like ahate 'duck'. We have also tried to contribute to the dating of the different processes and to the understanding of in their causes.

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Metathesis of aspiration as the source of anticipatory voicelessness in Basque

Egurtzegi

2019

French Language Studies

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In Basque, there is evidence, especially in early loans from Latin, that a sequence #DV(R)T… where D is a voiced stop and T is a voiceless (aspirated) stop was optionally produced with devoicing of the first of these stops. An additional particularity of this sound pattern is that the devoiced word-initial stop typically surfaces with aspiration, while the previously aspirated stop loses it: #DV(R)T(h)… > #T(h)V(R)T… This typologically uncommon sound pattern has been described as assimilation of voicelessness in the literature, or spread of [-voiced]. I propose that this sound pattern is triggered by aspiration, not voicelessness, and that it is a case of metathesis, not assimilation. Under the proposed analysis, aspiration of the second stop in the word is reanalysed as originating in the first stop, an instance of perceptual metathesis. This approach accounts for the distribution of aspirated stops before and after the optional change, and the failure of post-sibilant stops to trigger. This account also has implications for the chronology of aspiration-loss in Western dialects: at the time the earliest Latin loans were borrowed, all Basque dialects still maintained a historical series of aspirated stops. Only later, after this process of optional metathesis, did the Western dialects lose *h and stop aspiration.

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De la Sonorisation des Occlusives Initiales en Basque

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Externalization and morphosyntactic parameters in Basque

Externalization and morphosyntactic parameters in Basque

Aspiration in Basque

Metathesis of aspiration as the source of anticipatory voicelessness in Basque

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