De la prévention situationnelle au predictive policing. Sociologie d’une controverse ignorée

Benbouzid, Bilel

doi:10.4000/champpenal.9066

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Without a sufficient injection of reflexivity and repurposing (anonymised_2, 2013) social media data are partial to some conversations rather than others. Similar to the way in which other forms of algorithmic intelligence (e.g., predictive policing, (Benbouzid, 2015)) are fraught with danger not because they succeed in their fine-grained social control, but because they fail in the way that it is biased against certain groups, so standard social media analytics are partial to certain types of public debate. These analytics have been developed to promote an audience of consumers whose features are opposite to those of a healthy democratic public.…”

Section: A Few Political Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“API-Based Research” or How can Digital Sociology and Journalism Studies Learn from the Facebook and Cambridge Analytica Data Breach

Venturini

Rogers

2019

Digital Journalism

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Section: A Few Political Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“API-Based Research” or How can Digital Sociology and Journalism Studies Learn from the Facebook and Cambridge Analytica Data Breach

Venturini

Rogers

2019

Digital Journalism

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“… 6 For a detailed reconstruction of the history of the repeat victimization hypothesis and the different statistical and practical approaches to account for the phenomenon, see: Benbouzid, 2015.…”

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confidence: 99%

Epistemologies of predictive policing: Mathematical social science, social physics and machine learning

Hälterlein

2021

Big Data & Society

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Predictive policing has become a new panacea for crime prevention. However, we still know too little about the performance of computational methods in the context of predictive policing. The paper provides a detailed analysis of existing approaches to algorithmic crime forecasting. First, it is explained how predictive policing makes use of predictive models to generate crime forecasts. Afterwards, three epistemologies of predictive policing are distinguished: mathematical social science, social physics and machine learning. Finally, it is shown that these epistemologies have significant implications for the constitution of predictive knowledge in terms of its genesis, scope, intelligibility and accessibility. It is the different ways future crimes are rendered knowledgeable in order to act upon them that reaffirm or reconfigure the status of criminological knowledge within the criminal justice system, direct the attention of law enforcement agencies to particular types of crimes and criminals and blank out others, satisfy the claim for the meaningfulness of predictions or break with it and allow professionals to understand the algorithmic systems they shall rely on or turn them into a black box. By distinguishing epistemologies and analysing their implications, this analysis provides insight into the techno-scientific foundations of predictive policing and enables us to critically engage with the socio-technical practices of algorithmic crime forecasting.

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“…Figures 4 and 5 illustrate, respectively, the ten countries with the highest academic production on the topic researched in its various aspects and how countries interact through their researchers. Using the keywords of research, we return to the database of WoS and Scopus, and based on the information in Figure 4 we cluster the results by countries and from the analysis we can say that the most recurring themes among researchers are the theoretical discussions and applications practices on community-policing, problem-oriented-policing, predictive policing with its various aspects such as artificial intelligence applications, optimization through algorithms, application of various information technologies to the police service in general, below we list the most relevant works of each of the countries analyzed: USA (Sorg et al , 2012; Crowl, 2017; Carson and Wellman, 2018; Shapiro, 2019; Haberman and Stiver, 2019; Hendrix et al , 2019; Kringen et al , 2020; Eterno et al , 2020), UK (Bullock, 2013; Thomas and Trotman, 2017; Hutt et al , 2018; Kailemia, 2019; Leigh et al , 2019), Canada (Andresen and Hodgkinson, 2018; Jones et al , 2019; Andresen and Shen, 2019; Sandhu and Fussey, 2020), Australia (Mazerolle et al , 2013; Dunn et al , 2016), Germany (Belina, 2016; Porsche, 2020), Netherlands (Punch et al , 2002; Meijer and Wessels, 2019; Drenth and van Steden, 2020), France (Benbouzid, 2015; Mucchielli, 2017), China (Martin and Chan, 2014; Chen et al , 2019), Slovenia (Jere et al , 2012; Zavrsnik, 2017; Prisian and Lobnikar, 2019) and Brazil (Alves and Arias, 2012; Ribeiro and Vilarouca, 2018; Costa and Durante, 2019; Basilio et al , 2017; Basilio et al , 2020a; Basilio et al , 2020b; Basilio and Pereira, 2020b).…”

Section: Finding and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge discovery in research on policing strategies: an overview of the past fifty years

Basílio¹,

Pereira

Oliveira

2021

JM2

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Purpose The insecurity generated, today in various parts of the planet, by the various conflicts that arise in the violence in large cities, has motivated the academy to research the solutions and strategies adopted by local governments in the fight against crime. The volume of data generated by several universities over the past 50 years has increased exponentially. Consequently, researchers struggle to process essential data in today’s competitive world. The aim of this study is to explore and provide an overview of the studies carried out in the field of action to combat crime in different countries. Design/methodology/approach The Web of Science and Scopus databases were searched for publications from January 1945 to September 3, 2020 on the topic of policing strategies in titles, abstracts and keywords. References were analyzed using the R bibliometrix package, and abstracts were analyzed using latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) with collapsed Gibbs sampling for topics related to policing and related subjects. Findings As a result of the research, this paper can assert that in the last 50 years, 3,361 authors have produced 2,085 documents on the theme of policing strategy and related subjects in 58 countries. Scientific production in this area grows at a rate of 5.10 per year. The USA is the leading country in publications with 42.58%, followed by the UK with 8.39% and Canada with 4.07%. As for journals, the highlight is Policing, Policing and Society and Police Quarterly, which account for more than 15.44% of all indexed literature. Regarding the authors, the highlight is Weisburd and Braga. As a result, the LDA grouped the latent words in the articles analyzed by themes studied and presented the list of articles by themes. The thematic map identifies the following themes as basic research subjects: community policing, problem-oriented policing, predictive policing, fear of crime and social control. Practical implications As the main implication between the combination of the bibliometric analysis method with the probabilistic topic modelling, is the emergence of a primordial step in the systematic literature review process, as this method allows to explore and group a large volume of data. Another practical implication that is intended is to provide the beginning researcher or any other reader with a panoramic view of the main authors who study the themes that impact police activity in any city in the world, which are the countries and reference centers of the study on the subject and, finally, the evolution of the main themes researched in the police area. Originality/value The value of these studies is summarized in the presentation of an overview on the theme in the last 50 years, offering the opportunity for other researchers to use this research as a starting point for other analyses.

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De la prévention situationnelle au predictive policing. Sociologie d’une controverse ignorée

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

“API-Based Research” or How can Digital Sociology and Journalism Studies Learn from the Facebook and Cambridge Analytica Data Breach

“API-Based Research” or How can Digital Sociology and Journalism Studies Learn from the Facebook and Cambridge Analytica Data Breach

Epistemologies of predictive policing: Mathematical social science, social physics and machine learning

Knowledge discovery in research on policing strategies: an overview of the past fifty years

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