De l’aménagement au ménagement des cours d’eau : le bassin de la Loire, miroir de l’évolution des rapports entre aménagement fluvial et environnement

Rode, Sylvain

doi:10.4000/cybergeo.23253

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…With an effective media strategy, opponents finally managed to get the three planned dams not to be built after all. Though the technicist paradigm prevailed until the 1980s in the Loire basin, focusing on the development of the river and its tributaries, it has gradually given way, after nearly a decade of dispute (1986)(1987)(1988)(1989)(1990)(1991)(1992)(1993)(1994), to the environmentalist paradigm (Rode, 2010). In the United States, too, numerous conflicts have risen between supporters and opponents of dams: Gosnel and Kelly have studied the emblematic case of the Klamath River (in Oregon and California), where environmental NGOs and Indian activists-who advocated an integrated approach to the river, make room for environmental and social issues alongside economic ones-were for a long time pitted against economic actors (hydroelectric companies, farmers, etc.).…”

Section: A New Paradigm-and a Hard One To Implementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For three decades, driven by environmental groups, scientific thoughts and political inflections have seemed to lead public authorities to embark on a transition in their approach to river management. From the study of the Loire basin, we have hypothesized a transition from one mode of technicist waterways management, which gives priority to controlling them by means of developing large water projects, to a more environmentalist form of management-that strives to articulate development with the preservation of the natural balance of hydro-systems (Rode, 2009(Rode, , 2010.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Managing streams carefully? Thoughts about an emerging paradigm and its contradictions

Rode¹

2016

IJWG

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Since the last third of the 20th century, managing rivers has experienced a change that is similar to a paradigm shift: what used to be a technicist paradigm-based on a hydraulic valuation turning environments into heavily artificial ones-has been gradually replaced with an environmentalist paradigm advocating protection or restoration of hydro-systems equilibrium. Supported by national regulatory frameworks and by influential pressure groups, this change of approach is particularly well illustrated by the dams removal, and several countries are trying to implement that policy. This new paradigm, which focuses on environmental considerations, however, raises resistance from multiple actors. In contrast to the environmentalist vision of free, wild rivers, opponents to the new paradigm support the vision of water streams that have been managed throughout history and appointed by local communities for multiple uses. Could a more integrated management of waterways be likely to reconcile these two opposing views?

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Section: A New Paradigm-and a Hard One To Implementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing streams carefully? Thoughts about an emerging paradigm and its contradictions

Rode¹

2016

IJWG

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“…Les artistes comme les géographes s'accordent pour attribuer une singularité à la Loire entre Nantes et Angers (Dion, 1961 ;Coyaud, 2003 ;Barraud et al , 2010). Ces caractéristiques qui permettent de (1913)(1914)(1915)(1916)(1917)(1918)(1919)(1920)(1921)(1922)(1923)(1924)(1925)(1926)(1927)(1928) Aménagement du bras des Lombradières (1985) Aménagement du bras des Lombradières (1985) Aménagement de la (1970)(1971)(1972)(1973)(1974)(1975)(1976)(1977)(1978)(1979)(1980)(1981)(1982)(1983)(1984)(1985)(1986)(1987)(1988) Aménagement de la passe de Bellevue -1903-1909EPIS PHASE 2 -1919-1929 Rode, 2010). Notons qu'en 1990, un projet porté par l'EPALA visait à articuler autour des cours principaux de l'Allier et de la Loire, un dispositif de double préservation/valorisation du patrimoine associant un parc national (lit mineur) et un Parc naturel régional (PNR).…”

Section: La Loire Armoricaine : Du Fleuve Pittoresque Au Fleuve En Criseunclassified

Les épis de la Loire armoricaine, un héritage à la patrimonialité incertaine

Barraud

Carcaud

Davodeau

et al. 2013

norois

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La Loire armoricaine (entre Les Ponts-de-Cé et Nantes) est comprise entre deux pôles de patrimonialisation intense : l'estuaire à l'aval et le Val de Loire inscrit au patrimoine mondial de l'Unesco. Cette section du l euve est profondément marquée par la crise morpho-sédimentaire et écologique liée à l'abaissement de la ligne d'eau à l'étiage. Cette crise révèle le forçage de la dynamique l uviale du l euve, dont l'incision du lit engagée dès la i n du xix e siècle, et a été amplii ée par l'extraction sablière et le développement d'un projet d'amélioration de la navigation. Ce projet de la Loire navigable a laissé un héritage imposant constitué d'environ 700 épis qui inl uencent la physionomie des paysages l uviaux. Aujourd'hui, ces objets pour partie requalii és par des usages locaux mais pas véritablement patrimonialisés, sont appréhendés en tant que contrainte au rétablissement du bon état écologique et paysager du l euve. Un projet expérimental de remodelage de ces ouvrages sur une section d'une dizaine de kilomètres a été mené en 2009. Cette opération de restauration écologique a constitué une bonne opportunité pour comprendre le statut des épis dans les représentations sociales des paysages.

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“…The Romanian example demonstrates that the transition from engineering to environmentally responsive vision in river management is challenging and complex when economic objectives are present and prevail. These evolutionary stages are common in river management as adopted by other European countries (Netherlands [46]; France [47]). Significant human pressures related to river management were adopted prior to the 1980s [46,47] and river management assumed a softer approach in relation to changes in the perception of the environment as a whole after 1990 [48].…”

Section: Interpretation Of Morphological Quality Of the Lower Prahovamentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Pressure and Alteration Indicators to Assess River Morphological Quality: Case Study of the Prahova River (Romania)

Ioana-Toroimac

Zaharia

Minea

2015

Water

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River morphological quality assessment, derived from quantification of human pressures as well as river channel alteration, is a demand of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) in terms of integrating hydromorphological elements in defining ecological status. Our study's aim is to contribute to the hydromorphological evaluation by proposing indicators and separating classes, based on a revisited Morphological Quality Index (rMQI) protocol. The rMQI is based on 12 indicators of human pressures, 10 indicators of channel form adjustments, and 11 indicators of functionality. The rMQI scoring system allows for the quantification of changes when compared to reference conditions, be they undisturbed or nearly undisturbed by human interventions, with absent channel adjustments and a functioning natural river style. We used the lower, meandering sector of the Prahova River to demonstrate our assessment methodology. The Lower Prahova River suffers from a minor local intervention and a diminishing intensity of fluvial processes specific to a meandering style. Meanders geometry was affected by significant changes that included a decrease in the radius of curvature, width and width-to-mean-depth ratio. We concluded that the Lower Prahova River has a good morphological quality, which is rated as second class on a scale of five levels, from natural to severely modified. We recommend an improvement in the OPEN ACCESS Water 2015, 7 2972 hydromorphological evaluation protocol in Romania by additional indicators for morphological alterations specific to each channel pattern.

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De l’aménagement au ménagement des cours d’eau : le bassin de la Loire, miroir de l’évolution des rapports entre aménagement fluvial et environnement

Cited by 24 publications

References 12 publications

Managing streams carefully? Thoughts about an emerging paradigm and its contradictions

Managing streams carefully? Thoughts about an emerging paradigm and its contradictions

Les épis de la Loire armoricaine, un héritage à la patrimonialité incertaine

Using Pressure and Alteration Indicators to Assess River Morphological Quality: Case Study of the Prahova River (Romania)

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