De-intercalation of the intercalated potassium in the preparation of activated carbons by KOH activation

Wang, Wenwen; Xu, Shuai; Wang, Kechao; Liang, Jia Yu; Zhang, Wei

doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2019.03.001

Cited by 28 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…36 The peak area of C─N bond increased remarkably with the increase of nitrogen-doping mass ratio. The area ratios of the C─N peak and the whole peaks were 3.96% (AC), 13.93% (NAC-1), 16.06% (NAC-2), 17.45% (NAC-3), and 18.17% (NAC-4), respectively. Nitrogen doping increased the rate of C─N bond remarkably, indicating the nitrogen-containing functional groups were successfully doped in the samples, which was consistent with the result of the ultimate analysis.…”

Section: Xps Analysismentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The most common application of activated carbon is to be adsorbent for various pollutants. [15][16][17] Carbon dioxide has caused wild public concern in recent years, for it is a greenhouse gas and leads to global warming. 8,9 Furthermore, activated carbon can be prepared from various feedstocks, including coal, blue-coke, and organic materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 And the activated carbon with KOH as activator would have a high specific surface area (greater than 1000 m 2 /g). [15][16][17] Carbon dioxide has caused wild public concern in recent years, for it is a greenhouse gas and leads to global warming. A number of methods were proposed to capture CO 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen‐doping activated biomass carbon from tea seed shell for CO ₂ capture and supercapacitor

2019

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Activated carbon is a promising material that has a broad application prospect.In this work, biomass (tea seed shell) was used to prepare activated carbon with KOH activation (referred to as AC), and nitrogen was doped in activated carbon using melamine as the nitrogen source (referred to as NAC-x, where x is the mass ratio of melamine and activated carbon). The obtained activated biomass carbon (activated bio-carbon) samples were characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET)-specific surface area analysis, ultimate analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, Raman spectrum analysis, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. The specific surface areas of activated bio-carbons were 1503.20 m 2 /g (AC), 1064.54 m 2 /g (NAC-1), 1187.93 m 2 /g (NAC-2), 1055.32 m 2 /g (NAC-3), and 706.22 m 2 /g (NAC-4), revealing that nitrogen-doping process leads to decrease in specific surface area. XPS analysis revealed that the main nitrogen-containing functional groups were pyrrolic-N and pyridinic-N. The capacity of CO 2 capture and electrochemical performance of activated bio-carbon samples were investigated. The CO 2 capturing capacity followed this order: AC (3.15 mmol/g) > NAC-2 (2.75 mmol/g) > NAC-1 (2.69 mmol/g) > NAC-3 (2.44 mmol/g) > NAC-4 (1.95 mmol/g) at 298 K at 1 bar, which is consistent with the order of specific surface area. The specific surface area played a dominant role in CO 2 capturing capacity. As for supercapacitor, AC-4 showed the highest specific capacitance (168 F/g) at the current density of 0.5 A/g, but NAC-2 showed the best electrochemical performance (89 F/g) at 2 A/g. Nitrogen-containing functional groups and specific surface area both had an important impact on electrochemical performance. In general, NAC-3 and NAC-2 produced excellent electrochemical performance. Compared with NAC-3, less melamine was used to prepare NAC-2; therefore, NAC-2 was considered as the best activated bio-carbon for supercapacitor for 141 F/g (at 0.5 A/g), 108 F/g (at 1 A/g), and 89 F/g (at 2 A/g) in this work.

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Section: Xps Analysismentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen‐doping activated biomass carbon from tea seed shell for CO ₂ capture and supercapacitor

2019

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“…In this respect, potassium hydroxide (KOH)‐mediated chemistry [8,9] is the most widely adopted activation method to obtain carbon materials with micropores (<2 nm in diameter) based on the following reaction: [1,10–14] 6 KOH( s )+C( s )→2 K( s )+3 H 2 ( g )+K 2 CO 3 ( s ). At a sufficiently high temperature such as 600 °C, the K 2 CO 3 product is decomposed into K 2 O and CO 2 , and K 2 O is further decomposed into metallic K and CO at higher temperatures over 700 °C [1,10,11,15] . Even at a low temperature below 600 °C, KOH is dehydrated to K 2 O, which reacts with carbon to form K 2 CO 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cesium Ion‐Mediated Microporous Carbon for CO₂ Capture and Lithium‐Ion Storage

Lee

Kim

et al. 2020

ChemNanoMat

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Activated carbon has been used in a wide range of applications owing to its large specific area, facile synthesis, and low cost. The synthesis of activated carbon mostly relies on potassium hydroxide (KOH)‐mediated activation which leads to the formation of micropores (<2 nm) after a washing step with acid. Here we report the preparation of activated carbon with an anomalously large surface area (3288 m2 g−1), obtained by employing an activation process mediated by cesium (Cs) ions. The high affinity of the carbon lattice for Cs ions induces immense interlayer expansion upon complexation of the intercalant Cs ion with the carbon host. Furthermore, the Cs‐activation process maintains the nitrogen content of the carbon source by enabling the activation process at low temperature. The large surface area and well‐preserved nitrogen content of Cs‐activated carbon takes advantage of its enhanced interaction with CO2 molecules (for superior CO2 capture) and lithium ions (for improved Li ion storage), respectively. The present investigation unveils a new approach toward tuning the key structural properties of activated carbon; that is, controlling the affinity of the carbon host for the intercalant ion when they engage in complex formation during the activation process.

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“…• Micropore volume increased (0.96 to 1.21 cm 3 /g) with the increase of temperature up to 250°C [21].…”

Section: Petroleum Cokementioning

confidence: 96%

Activated Carbon and Metal Chalcogenide in Applied Materials Research

Soonmin¹

2020

PSBJ

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Nano material is an important field in world of science and technology. In this work, activated carbon and metal chalcogenide thin films were discussed. Activated carbon has high surface area and porosity structure. Basically, it could be synthesized by using various raw materials under carbonization and chemical activation process. Utilization of activator such as KOH, NaOH, zinc chloride, phosphoric acid, sulphuric acid could improve texture properties and adsorption capacity. On the other hand, metal chalcogenide thin films have been prepared by using various deposition techniques including physical and chemical method. These materials have great potential in solar cell, sensor device, laser device and optoelectronic applications. Characterization of metal sulfide, metal selenide and metal telluride thin films was studied by using different tools.

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De-intercalation of the intercalated potassium in the preparation of activated carbons by KOH activation

Cited by 28 publications

References 22 publications

Nitrogen‐doping activated biomass carbon from tea seed shell for CO ₂ capture and supercapacitor

Nitrogen‐doping activated biomass carbon from tea seed shell for CO ₂ capture and supercapacitor

Cesium Ion‐Mediated Microporous Carbon for CO₂ Capture and Lithium‐Ion Storage

Activated Carbon and Metal Chalcogenide in Applied Materials Research

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De-intercalation of the intercalated potassium in the preparation of activated carbons by KOH activation

Cited by 28 publications

References 22 publications

Nitrogen‐doping activated biomass carbon from tea seed shell for CO 2 capture and supercapacitor

Nitrogen‐doping activated biomass carbon from tea seed shell for CO 2 capture and supercapacitor

Cesium Ion‐Mediated Microporous Carbon for CO2 Capture and Lithium‐Ion Storage

Activated Carbon and Metal Chalcogenide in Applied Materials Research

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Nitrogen‐doping activated biomass carbon from tea seed shell for CO ₂ capture and supercapacitor

Nitrogen‐doping activated biomass carbon from tea seed shell for CO ₂ capture and supercapacitor

Cesium Ion‐Mediated Microporous Carbon for CO₂ Capture and Lithium‐Ion Storage