DDX20: A Multifunctional Complex Protein

Abstract

DEAD-box decapping enzyme 20 (DDX20) is a putative RNA-decapping enzyme that can be identified by the conserved motif Asp–Glu–Ala–Asp (DEAD). Cellular processes involve numerous RNA secondary structure alterations, including translation initiation, nuclear and mitochondrial splicing, and assembly of ribosomes and spliceosomes. DDX20 reportedly plays an important role in cellular transcription and post-transcriptional modifications. On the one hand, DDX20 can interact with various transcription factors and repress the transcriptional process. On the other hand, DDX20 forms the survival motor neuron complex and participates in the assembly of snRNP, ultimately affecting the RNA splicing process. Finally, DDX20 can potentially rely on its RNA-unwinding enzyme function to participate in microRNA (miRNA) maturation and act as a component of the RNA-induced silencing complex. In addition, although DDX20 is not a key component in the innate immune system signaling pathway, it can affect the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and p53 signaling pathways. In particular, DDX20 plays different roles in tumorigenesis development through the NF-κB signaling pathway. This process is regulated by various factors such as miRNA. DDX20 can influence processes such as viral replication in cells by interacting with two proteins in Epstein–Barr virus and can regulate the replication process of several viruses through the innate immune system, indicating that DDX20 plays an important role in the innate immune system. Herein, we review the effects of DDX20 on the innate immune system and its role in transcriptional and post-transcriptional modification processes, based on which we provide an outlook on the future of DDX20 research in innate immunity and viral infections.

Chaperoning the chaperones: Proteomic analysis of the SMN complex reveals conserved and etiologic connections to the proteostasis network

“…STRAP is a peripheral member of the SMN complex, tethered via its direct interaction with GEMIN7 as part of the GEMIN6•7•8 subunit [ 70 ]. GEM3/DDX20 is a putative RNA helicase that heterodimerizes with GEMIN4 and has many reported activities [ 67 , 68 , 71 – 73 ]. To identify additional candidate factors and complexes that associate with the human SMN complex, we utilized the mass spectrometry data for proximity labeling of STRAP and GEM3 in unstressed cells [ 61 ] to generate a scatter plot ( Fig.…”

Heat-killed probioticLevilactobacillus brevisMKAK9 and its exopolysaccharide promote longevity by modulating aging hallmarks and enhancing immune responses inCaenorhabditis elegans

“…Y48A6B.3 gene is critical for post-transcriptional modifications, playing a vital role in ribosome biogenesis, protein translation, and pre-mRNA splicing by converting uridine to pseudouridine in target RNAs [58]. DDX-17, an RNA helicase, is essential for translation initiation, ribosome and spliceosome assembly, and RNA structure modification [59,60]. Collectively, treating HK MKAK9 reduces insulin-like signaling and downregulate mRNA translation or ribosome biogenesis, potentially contributing to the extended longevity of the worms.…”