DDM1 guards against telomere truncation in Arabidopsis

Xie, Xiaoyuan; Shippen, Dorothy E.

doi:10.1007/s00299-017-2245-6

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 83 publications

(143 reference statements)

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“…Very low level of genomic DNA methylation caused disturbances in telomere homeostasis in A. thaliana ( Ogrocká et al 2014 , Xie and Shippen 2018 ), while no such changes were observed in N. tabacum ( Majerová et al 2011 ). This shows the differences in the role of DNA methylation in the regulation of telomere homeostasis in various plants ( Fojtová and Fajkus 2014 , Procházková-Schrumpfová et al 2019 ).…”

Section: Epigenetic Regulation Of Telomere and Subtelomere Regionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The epigenetic regulation of centromeres and telomeres in plants and animals

Achrem

Szućko

Kalinka

2020

CCG

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The centromere is a chromosomal region where the kinetochore is formed, which is the attachment point of spindle fibers. Thus, it is responsible for the correct chromosome segregation during cell division. Telomeres protect chromosome ends against enzymatic degradation and fusions, and localize chromosomes in the cell nucleus. For this reason, centromeres and telomeres are parts of each linear chromosome that are necessary for their proper functioning. More and more research results show that the identity and functions of these chromosomal regions are epigenetically determined. Telomeres and centromeres are both usually described as highly condensed heterochromatin regions. However, the epigenetic nature of centromeres and telomeres is unique, as epigenetic modifications characteristic of both eu- and heterochromatin have been found in these areas. This specificity allows for the proper functioning of both regions, thereby affecting chromosome homeostasis. This review focuses on demonstrating the role of epigenetic mechanisms in the functioning of centromeres and telomeres in plants and animals.

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Section: Epigenetic Regulation Of Telomere and Subtelomere Regionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The epigenetic regulation of centromeres and telomeres in plants and animals

Achrem

Szućko

Kalinka

2020

CCG

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“…This pattern was confirmed by an independent approach, with high reliability at least in the proximal part of the telomere [203,204], and methylated telomeric cytosines were detected in cultured Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco) cells [205] and other plants [206]. Disruption of telomere homeostasis as a consequence of decreased genomic DNA methylation was observed in A. thaliana [203,207] but not in tobacco cells [205], which shows differences in the involvement of DNA methylation in regulation of telomere homeostasis between these model plants (for a more detailed review see Reference [208]).…”

Section: Telomere Epigeneticsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Telomeres in Plants and Humans: Not So Different, Not So Similar

Schrumpfová

Fojtová

Fajkus

2019

Cells

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Parallel research on multiple model organisms shows that while some principles of telomere biology are conserved among all eukaryotic kingdoms, we also find some deviations that reflect different evolutionary paths and life strategies, which may have diversified after the establishment of telomerase as a primary mechanism for telomere maintenance. Much more than animals, plants have to cope with environmental stressors, including genotoxic factors, due to their sessile lifestyle. This is, in principle, made possible by an increased capacity and efficiency of the molecular systems ensuring maintenance of genome stability, as well as a higher tolerance to genome instability. Furthermore, plant ontogenesis differs from that of animals in which tissue differentiation and telomerase silencing occur during early embryonic development, and the “telomere clock” in somatic cells may act as a preventive measure against carcinogenesis. This does not happen in plants, where growth and ontogenesis occur through the serial division of apical meristems consisting of a small group of stem cells that generate a linear series of cells, which differentiate into an array of cell types that make a shoot and root. Flowers, as generative plant organs, initiate from the shoot apical meristem in mature plants which is incompatible with the human-like developmental telomere shortening. In this review, we discuss differences between human and plant telomere biology and the implications for aging, genome stability, and cell and organism survival. In particular, we provide a comprehensive comparative overview of telomere proteins acting in humans and in Arabidopsis thaliana model plant, and discuss distinct epigenetic features of telomeric chromatin in these species.

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“…The short telomere phenotype and hypersensitivity to the induction of DNA double-strand breaks were previously observed in Arabidopsis ddm1 mutants. This correlation raised the hypothesis that genome hypomethylation-induced increase in HR and stochastic deletional recombination led to telomere shortening [ 29 ]. Intermolecular HR has been reported to be a dominant mechanism for detoxification of zebularine-induced DNA damage, independently of changes in DNA methylation [ 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct Responses of Arabidopsis Telomeres and Transposable Elements to Zebularine Exposure

Konečná

Sováková

Anteková

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Involvement of epigenetic mechanisms in the regulation of telomeres and transposable elements (TEs), genomic regions with the protective and potentially detrimental function, respectively, has been frequently studied. Here, we analyzed telomere lengths in Arabidopsis thaliana plants of Columbia, Landsberg erecta and Wassilevskija ecotypes exposed repeatedly to the hypomethylation drug zebularine during germination. Shorter telomeres were detected in plants growing from seedlings germinated in the presence of zebularine with a progression in telomeric phenotype across generations, relatively high inter-individual variability, and diverse responses among ecotypes. Interestingly, the extent of telomere shortening in zebularine Columbia and Wassilevskija plants corresponded to the transcriptional activation of TEs, suggesting a correlated response of these genomic elements to the zebularine treatment. Changes in lengths of telomeres and levels of TE transcripts in leaves were not always correlated with a hypomethylation of cytosines located in these regions, indicating a cytosine methylation-independent level of their regulation. These observations, including differences among ecotypes together with distinct dynamics of the reversal of the disruption of telomere homeostasis and TEs transcriptional activation, reflect a complex involvement of epigenetic processes in the regulation of crucial genomic regions. Our results further demonstrate the ability of plant cells to cope with these changes without a critical loss of the genome stability.

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DDM1 guards against telomere truncation in Arabidopsis

Cited by 17 publications

References 83 publications

The epigenetic regulation of centromeres and telomeres in plants and animals

The epigenetic regulation of centromeres and telomeres in plants and animals

Telomeres in Plants and Humans: Not So Different, Not So Similar

Distinct Responses of Arabidopsis Telomeres and Transposable Elements to Zebularine Exposure

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