Dazzling red emission from TiO2 nanoparticles impregnated co-doped Gd3++Eu3+: PVA polymer nanocomposites for photonic applications

M3+/NaTiO3/PVA–chitosan nanocomposites (M = Ga, Ce, Nd or Er): novel solid polymer electrolytes for supercapacitors

“…The Ch-based film was found to decompose in multiple steps (at 281 °C and 363 °C) because of the polysaccharide unit of Ch, while PVA decomposed in multi-steps (at 329, 428, and 449 °C) [39]. Additionally, codoping PVA with Bi 3+ + Eu 3+ , Gd 3+ + Eu 3+ or Bi 3+ + Tb 3+ was found to decrease the thermal stability and melting point of PVA [25,26,44]. Therefore, TGA and DSC thermograms are consistent with each other.…”

“…It is a powerful technique to investigate the vibrational properties of the reactive functional groups of the blend and their interactions/complexation with the added nanofillers and salts [26]. Figure 6 shows the FTIR transmittance spectra in the wavenumber range 400-4000 cm -1 .…”

“…This illustrates the formation of hydrogen bonding between these ions and the -NH 2 of Ch and the OH of PVA. It is well known that absorption of the H + from the OH groups plays a crucial role in the complexes' formation [26].…”

“…ST nanostructure tends to compact the films' layers, making the films denser and resulting in a restrained mobility of blend chains and an increase in T g [41]. The decrease in T g of the salted films is due to the significant decrease in X C [25,26]. Different T g values for Ch were reported in the literature, and the most accurate value may be in the range of 140-150 °C [13, 42], while the T g of PVA is ∼85 °C [43].…”

“…Because Ch can adsorb large portions of metal ions, Ali et al [10] fabricated La 3+ , Ce 3+ , Sm 3+ /Ch/PVP ion imprinted composites which can select the lanthanide ions exceptionally well, among others, from aqueous solutions. Kumar et al [25,26] fabricated (Tb 3+ /PVA codoped with Bi 3+ and MWCNTs) with bright-green luminescence and (Ga 3+ , Eu 3+ /PVA doped with TiO 2 ) with red l luminescence for use in photonic devices.…”