Day-to-day variation and circadian rhythm of egg excretion in urinary schistosomiasis in the Sudan

Doehring, E; Feldmeier, Hermann; Daffalla, Asim Abdelrahman

doi:10.1080/00034983.1983.11811757

Cited by 64 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This is reasonable since the ECP test reflects the chronic inflammatory response of the host when compared with egg output, which may vary during the day. 30,31 The notion that ECP is a more accurate marker of bladder morbidity was further supported by the finding that it was better in discriminating between the pathology classes than egg counts in general and single egg counts in particular.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Quantitative assessment of eosinophiluria in Schistosoma haematobium infections: a new marker of infection and bladder morbidity.

Reimert¹,

Mshinda²,

Hatz³

et al. 2000

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Eosinophiluria, as quantified by measuring eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) in urinary extracts, microhematuria, egg excretion, and ultrasound-detectable bladder pathology were recorded in Schistosoma haematobium-infected Tanzanian school children at a baseline survey and during an 18-month post-treatment followup study. Significant correlations were seen between urinary ECP levels, intensity of infection, and bladder pathology. Treatment resulted in a marked reduction in prevalence and intensity of infection, in a delayed and less marked reduction in ECP levels, and in a resolution of pathology. The overall diagnostic efficiency of the ECP test (cut-off value for the ECP Ն5 ng/ml) in relation to infection was comparable with that of egg count and microhematuria, but with a better sensitivity than a single egg count. In relation to bladder pathology, the diagnostic performance of the ECP test (cut-off value for the ECP Ն25 ng/ml) exceeded that of a single egg count. In addition, the ECP was better in discriminating between different grades of bladder pathology. The present study points to the ECP as a useful marker of both S. haematobium infection and of associated bladder morbidity reflecting the inflammatory status of the bladder wall.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Quantitative assessment of eosinophiluria in Schistosoma haematobium infections: a new marker of infection and bladder morbidity.

Reimert¹,

Mshinda²,

Hatz³

et al. 2000

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Secondly, instructions were given to children to conduct physical exercise prior to urine collection but most of the children did not respond, especially the girls. A previous study has shown that repeated examination of urine specimens over consecutive days and exercise prior to urine collection improved egg detection [21]. Finally, children who either passed blood in urine or tested positive for S. haematobium infection might be referred to health facilities for treatment and hence decrease the accuracy of sensitivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid diagnosis of schistosomiasis in Yemen using a simple questionnaire and urine reagent strips

et al. 2014

East Mediterr Health J

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Schistosomiasis ranks second to malaria in terms of socioeconomic and public health importance in Yemen. This study assessed the validity of a morbidity questionnaire and urine reagent strips as a rapid tool for screening schoolchildren for urinary schistosomiasis as compared with the presence of eggs in urine as the goldstandard parasitological diagnosis. The study examined urine samples and interviewed 696 children (mean age 12.5 years) attending a primary-preparatory school in south Yemen. Urinary schistosomiasis was confirmed in 126 (18.1%) children. Diagnostic performance was poor for 2 items in the morbidity questionnaire (self-reported history of previous infection and self-reported history of antischistosomal treatment). However, self-reported dysuria, selfreported haematuria in the questionnaire and microhaematuria by reagent strips (alone or with macrohaematuria) revealed good diagnostic performance. The results indicated that reagent strips are a valid method for detection of microhaematuria for identifying individuals and communities infected with Schistosoma haematobium. RÉSUMÉ La schistosomiase vient en deuxième place après le paludisme en termes de poids socioéconomique et de problème de santé publique au Yémen. La présente étude a évalué la validité d'un questionnaire sur la morbidité ainsi que des bandelettes urinaires réactives comme outils rapides de dépistage de la schistosomiase urinaire chez des écoliers par rapport à la recherche d'oeufs dans les urines en tant que méthode diagnostique parasitologique de référence. Au cours de l'étude, les échantillons d'urine de 696 enfants fréquentant une école primaire ou préparatoire dans le sud du Yémen ont été examinés, puis les enfants ont été interrogés (âge moyen 12,5 ans). Une schistosomiase urinaire a été confirmée chez 126 enfants (18,1 %). La performance du diagnostic était médiocre pour deux items du questionnaire sur la morbidité (antécédents autodéclarés d'une infection antérieure et d'un traitement contre la schistosomiase). Toutefois, une dysurie autodéclarée, une hématurie autodéclarée dans le questionnaire et une microhématurie par bandelettes urinaires réactives (seule ou associée à une macrohématurie) ont fait ressortir une bonne performance diagnostique. Les résultats ont indiqué que les bandelettes urinaires réactives étaient une méthode valable pour le dépistage de la microhématurie permettant d'identifier les personnes et les communautés infestées par Schistosoma haematobium. ‫املتوسط‬ ‫لرشق‬ ‫الصحية‬ ‫املجلة‬ ‫العرشون‬ ‫املجلد‬ ‫الرابع‬ ‫العدد‬ 243

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“…Several studies have demonstrated that egg load is correlated with the severity of disease (90,98), at least at the community level. However, egg excretion in the feces may show strong day-to-day fluctuations (intraindividual variation), especially with low intensities of infection (49,50,75). Epidemiological studies also show considerable interindividual variation in egg counts.…”

Section: Parasitological Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosomiasis in the People's Republic of China: Prospects and Challenges for the 21st Century

et al. 2001

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Schistosomiasis japonica is a serious communicable disease and a major disease risk for more than 30 million people living in the tropical and subtropical zones of China. Infection remains a major public health concern despite 45 years of intensive control efforts. It is estimated that 865,000 people and 100,250 bovines are today infected in the provinces where the disease is endemic, and its transmission continues. Unlike the other schistosome species known to infect humans, the oriental schistosome, Schistosoma japonicum, is a true zoonotic organism, with a range of mammalian reservoirs, making control efforts extremely difficult. Clinical features of schistosomiasis range from fever, headache, and lethargy to severe fibro-obstructive pathology leading to portal hypertension, ascites, and hepatosplenomegaly, which can cause premature death. Infected children are stunted and have cognitive defects impairing memory and learning ability. Current control programs are heavily based on community chemotherapy with a single dose of the drug praziquantel, but vaccines (for use in bovines and humans) in combination with other control strategies are needed to make elimination of the disease possible. In this article, we provide an overview of the biology, epidemiology, clinical features, and prospects for control of oriental schistosomiasis in the People's Republic of China

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Day-to-day variation and circadian rhythm of egg excretion in urinary schistosomiasis in the Sudan

Cited by 64 publications

References 8 publications

Quantitative assessment of eosinophiluria in Schistosoma haematobium infections: a new marker of infection and bladder morbidity.

Quantitative assessment of eosinophiluria in Schistosoma haematobium infections: a new marker of infection and bladder morbidity.

Rapid diagnosis of schistosomiasis in Yemen using a simple questionnaire and urine reagent strips

Schistosomiasis in the People's Republic of China: Prospects and Challenges for the 21st Century

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