Day-of-the week variation of rainfall and maximum temperature in Melbourne, Australia

Simmonds, Ian; Kaval, J.

doi:10.1007/bf02263136

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In contrast, several observational studies of downtown office areas have used an approach dependent on the temperature difference between weekdays and weekends (Δ T W‐H ), which can be regarded as the anthropogenic heat effect. ΔT W‐H has been detected by statistically analysing actual meteorological data in large urban regions such as Melbourne, Australia (Simmonds and Kaval, ), Tokyo, Japan (Fujibe, ), Madras (renamed Chennai), India (Jayanthi, ), Buenos Aires, Argentina (Figuerola and Mazzeo, ), and Washington, DC, and New York City in the United States (Hicks et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of seasonal variations in weekday electricity use on urban air temperature observed in Osaka, Japan

Ohashi

Suido

Kikegawa

et al. 2015

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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Seasonal variations in the human activity signal (HAS) affecting the urban temperature were analysed in districts with offices and commercial buildings, apartment buildings, and single-family households in the urban area of Osaka, Japan. Temperatures were observed at building rooftops and at ground level in 14 districts. Spatial and temporal patterns of HAS were identified for a combined spring and autumn intermediate season, the summer cooling season, and the winter heating season by observing the temperature differences between weekdays and weekends after discounting the naturally induced temperature signal. A positive HAS (higher weekday temperatures) was observed during daytime hours in summer and the values around 1200 h JST (UTC + 9 h) exceeded 1• C at the downtown office and mixed-building districts and 0.5-0.7 • C in the surrounding inland residential districts. However, a negative HAS (lower weekday temperatures) extended throughout all districts during daytime hours in winter. The maximum negative values ranged from −0.3 to −0.4• C between 1200 and 1500 h. Statistical analyses of 30-year HAS data provided sufficient evidence that an increase in heat pump air-conditioning caused negative HAS in winter daytime hours as well as positive HAS in summer daytime hours. While HAS was not observed at night-time in all districts during summer, positive HAS in winter had values of 0.3-0.4• C between 0000 and 0200 h and was especially prominent at inland residential districts. This night-time positive HAS in the heating season was most likely due to a gradual ventilation of heated indoor air and an outgoing sensible heat transfer from the walls of buildings where heating systems were operated. Seasonal variation of HAS was related to the energy consumption due to air-conditioning, and the expected temperature increase due to the waste heat was predicted using a simple one-dimensional mixing-layer model.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of seasonal variations in weekday electricity use on urban air temperature observed in Osaka, Japan

Ohashi

Suido

Kikegawa

et al. 2015

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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“…Several other studies have also investigated weekly cycles in precipitation. The results are contradictory: A weekly precipitation cycle in rain gauge data was found by Ashworth [1929] in Britain between 1890 and 1920; Dettwiller [1968] in five French cities; Simmonds and Keay [1997, 1986] in Melbourne for different periods; Cerveny and Balling [1998] over the Northwest Atlantic region; Gong et al [2007] over China; and Sanchez‐Lorenzo et al [2008] over Spain. On the basis of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite measurements Bell et al [2008] found a weekly cycle in summertime rainfall over the southeast United States.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weekly cycle in particulate matter versus weekly cycle in precipitation over Switzerland

et al. 2009

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[1] During the last few years the question has been raised if there is a weekly cycle in climatological variables due to anthropogenic activity. In this study, particulate matter (PM) data and precipitation data from 17 Swiss weather stations are analyzed for weekly cycles with three different methods: a nonparametric statistical test, a Fourier analysis on the time series, and a comparison of the regular 7-day week with either a 6-or 8-day week. Results show a well-pronounced and statistical significant weekly cycle for PM but do not show any statistically significant weekly cycle for meteorological quantities such as precipitation.Citation: Barmet, P., T. Kuster, A. Muhlbauer, and U. Lohmann (2009), Weekly cycle in particulate matter versus weekly cycle in precipitation over Switzerland,

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“…However, the impacts of urbanization on precipitation may be different under different geographic and climatic conditions. For example, urban heat islands, a dominant rain-producing mechanism elsewhere, may not be so in Melbourne (Simmonds and Kawal, 1986), or Bombay (Khemani and Murty, 1973). Urbanization also increases the velocity and volume of surface storm water runoff and modifies its quality, since more land is covered by impervious surfaces that prevent rainfall or snowmelt from infiltrating into the ground; in addition, the impervious surfaces are smoother than meadow, rangeland, forest and farm fields and, hence, accelerate run off (Urbonas and Roesner, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the impact of recent land‐cover changes on the stream flows in northeastern Puerto Rico

Hall

Scatena

2007

Hydrological Processes

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Abstract:We investigated the influence of recent and future land-cover changes on stream flow of a watershed northeastern Puerto Rico using hydrological modeling and simulation analysis. Monthly and average annual stream flows were compared between an agricultural period (1973)(1974)(1975)(1976)(1977)(1978)(1979)(1980) and an urbanized/reforested period (1988)(1989)(1990)(1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995) using the revised Generalized Watershed Loading Function model. Our validated results show that a smaller proportion of rainfall became stream flows in the urbanized/forested period compared with the agricultural period, apparently because of reforestation. Sensitivity analysis of the model showed that evapotranspiration, precipitation, and curve number were the most significant factors influencing stream flow. Simulations of projected land-cover scenarios indicate that annual stream flows would increase by 9Ð6% in a total urbanization scenario, decrease by 3Ð6% in a total reforestation scenario, and decrease by 1Ð1% if both reforestation and urbanization continue at their current rates to 2020. An imposed hurricane event that was similar in scale to the largest recent event on the three land-cover scenarios would increase the daily stream flow by 62Ð1%, 68Ð4% and 67Ð1% respectively. Owing to the environmental setting of eastern Puerto Rico, where sea breezes caused by temperature differences between land surface and the ocean dominate the local climate, we suggest that managing local land-cover changes can have important consequences for water management.

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Day-of-the week variation of rainfall and maximum temperature in Melbourne, Australia

Cited by 21 publications

References 19 publications

Impact of seasonal variations in weekday electricity use on urban air temperature observed in Osaka, Japan

Impact of seasonal variations in weekday electricity use on urban air temperature observed in Osaka, Japan

Weekly cycle in particulate matter versus weekly cycle in precipitation over Switzerland

Modelling the impact of recent land‐cover changes on the stream flows in northeastern Puerto Rico

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