Day length unlikely to constrain climate-driven shifts in leaf-out times of northern woody plants

Zohner, Constantin M.; Benito, Blas M.; Svenning, Jens‐Christian; Renner, Susanne S.

doi:10.1038/nclimate3138

Cited by 179 publications

(211 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…The difference between S2 and S1 indicated that increasing photoperiod alone would exacerbate the advance of SOS across most of the NH (>98% (Figures S8a-S8d) and >99% ( Figures S8e-S8h), across all RCPs), especially at low latitudes (e.g., southern North America, the Tibetan Plateau) and in northern Europe. This finding not only confirmed the photoperiodic control of SOS (Caffarra, Donnelly, Chuine, & Jones, 2011;Körner & Basler, 2010;Zohner et al, 2016) but also suggested that the shorter days due to earlier SOS might restrict the advance of SOS in the future, particularly at lower latitudes, thus shaping the spatial pattern of a faster decrease in S T at low latitudes. This finding not only confirmed the photoperiodic control of SOS (Caffarra, Donnelly, Chuine, & Jones, 2011;Körner & Basler, 2010;Zohner et al, 2016) but also suggested that the shorter days due to earlier SOS might restrict the advance of SOS in the future, particularly at lower latitudes, thus shaping the spatial pattern of a faster decrease in S T at low latitudes.…”

Section: Determinations Of the Increasing Synchrony Of Spring Phenologysupporting

confidence: 59%

Climatic Warming Increases Spatial Synchrony in Spring Vegetation Phenology Across the Northern Hemisphere

Liu

Piao

et al. 2019

Geophysical Research Letters

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Climatic warming has advanced spring phenology across the Northern Hemisphere, but the spatial variability in temperature sensitivity of spring phenology is substantial. Whether spring phenology will continue to advance uniformly at latitudes has not yet been investigated. We used Bayesian model averaging and four spring phenology models, and demonstrated that the start of vegetation growing season across the Northern Hemisphere will become substantially more synchronous (up to 11.3%) under future climatic warming conditions. Larger start of growing season advances are expected at higher than lower latitudes (3.7–10.9 days earlier) due to both larger rate in spring warming at higher latitudes and larger decreases in the temperature sensitivity of start of growing season at low latitudes. The consequent impacts on the northern ecosystems due to this increased synchrony may be considerable and thus worth investigating.

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Section: Determinations Of the Increasing Synchrony Of Spring Phenologysupporting

confidence: 59%

Climatic Warming Increases Spatial Synchrony in Spring Vegetation Phenology Across the Northern Hemisphere

Liu

Piao

et al. 2019

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…The traditional view is that the seasonality in insolation and day length increases with latitude and, consequently, photoperiod at higher latitudes should provide a stronger signal than at lower latitudes (Saikkonen et al, ) in order to protect leaves and other tissues against, for instance, late frosts in the spring or other environmental stresses. Conversely, the study of Zohner et al () found, within the temperate biome, that species relying on photoperiod as a budburst signal were more commonly found at lower latitudes with shorter winters, whereas photoperiod‐sensitive budburst was rare at higher latitudes. Consequently, the understanding of how the geographical origin determines the degree of photoperiod sensitivity is unresolved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The interplay between temperature and photoperiod (i.e., day length) affects phenological processes such as flowering time, budburst, seasonal stem growth, leaf senescence, and dormancy (Basler & Körner, ; Jackson, ; Luo et al, ; Rossi et al, ; Tylewicz et al, ; Way & Montgomery, ; Zohner, Benito, Svenning, & Renner, ; Zohner & Renner, ). Day length has also been documented to be a driver of seasonal changes in the photosynthetic capacity of leaves and ecosystems at similar or even larger importance as temperature (Bauerle et al, ; Bongers, Olmo, Lopez‐Iglesias, Anten, & Villar, ; Stinziano & Way, ; Stoy, Trowbridge, & Bauerle, ; Way, Stinziano, Berghoff, & Oren, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Day length regulates seasonal patterns of stomatal conductance in Quercus species

Granda

Baumgarten

Geßler

et al. 2019

Plant Cell & Environment

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Vapour pressure deficit is a major driver of seasonal changes in transpiration, but photoperiod also modulates leaf responses. Climate warming might enhance transpiration by increasing atmospheric water demand and the length of the growing season, but photoperiod‐sensitive species could show dampened responses. Here, we document that day length is a significant driver of the seasonal variation in stomatal conductance. We performed weekly gas exchange measurements across a common garden experiment with 12 oak species from contrasting geographical origins, and we observed that the influence of day length was of similar strength to that of vapour pressure deficit in driving the seasonal pattern. We then examined the generality of our findings by incorporating day‐length regulation into well‐known stomatal models. For both angiosperm and gymnosperm species, the models improved significantly when adding day‐length dependences. Photoperiod control over stomatal conductance could play a large yet underexplored role on the plant and ecosystem water balances.

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“…For example, in temperate systems, cumulative growing degree days historically provided a reliable and adaptive indicator for the arrival of the growing season (Zohner et al. ), but warmer‐than‐average winter temperatures could lead to an early initiation of bud burst followed by damaging below‐freezing temperatures (Gu et al. 2008, Hufkens et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extreme winter warm event causes exceptionally early bud break for many woody species

et al. 2019

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In many ecosystems, climate is changing faster during winter compared to other seasons.However, we lack basic information about the responses of many species to winter climate change, including extreme warm events. Extreme warm events may have particularly strong influences at the end of winter, when some species begin to break dormancy while the risk of freezing remains high. Here, we monitored bud burst of 101 temperate woody species following an extreme warm event during winter to investigate species responses to this anomalous event and determine whether functional traits predicted species responses. Following six consecutive days of extreme warm temperatures in winter, nearly half the surveyed tree and shrub species had an advanced stage of bud phenology. Responding species were most likely to be shade-intolerant, phylogenetically related, and have weaker dormancy requirements. Based on established species response thresholds to spring temperatures in the region, species were expected to be unresponsive to warm temperatures this early in the year, yet many species broke dormancy. Species responses to this extreme winter warm event highlighted how climate change can alter well-established species-climate associations. In an era of increasing climate change creating novel winter conditions, continued monitoring both long-term and following extreme events is needed to understand new speciesclimate dynamics.

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Day length unlikely to constrain climate-driven shifts in leaf-out times of northern woody plants

Abstract: (2016). Day length unlikely to constrain climate-driven shifts in leaf-out times of northern woody plants. Nature Climate

Cited by 179 publications

References 44 publications

Climatic Warming Increases Spatial Synchrony in Spring Vegetation Phenology Across the Northern Hemisphere

Climatic Warming Increases Spatial Synchrony in Spring Vegetation Phenology Across the Northern Hemisphere

Day length regulates seasonal patterns of stomatal conductance in Quercus species

Extreme winter warm event causes exceptionally early bud break for many woody species

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