Aim
Approximately 50% of individuals with first‐episode psychosis meet criteria for a substance use disorder and these concurrent disorders are associated with worse long‐term outcomes. Psychosocial interventions, including motivational interviewing as well as cognitive and behavioural therapies, have shown some evidence for effective treatment in substance use disorders; however, there is a paucity of existing studies that have successfully examined these interventions in first‐episode psychosis.
Methods
Participants (n = 64) received the concurrent disorders intervention, which included individual support alongside participation in at least one of two groups: a 4‐week Motivational Engagement group utilizing motivational interviewing (n = 59) and an 8‐week Relapse Prevention Training group emphasizing skill acquisition, which some participants entered directly (n = 5) and some participants entered following completion of the Motivational Engagement group (n = 16).
Results
Participants who completed the Motivational Engagement group (n = 59) demonstrated significantly increased motivation to change substance use (d = −.0.58; t = −3.02, p < .01) and significantly decreased substance use frequency (d = 0.65; t = 3.26, p < .01). For participants who completed the Relapse Prevention Training group (n = 21), substance use frequency significantly decreased (d = 0.92; t = 3.46, p < .01) and self‐efficacy in one's ability to maintain substance use changes significantly increased (d = −0.85; t = −3.59, p < .01).
Conclusions
This pilot evaluation suggests that motivational interviewing and relapse prevention skills training are acceptable and feasible interventions in the treatment of substance use disorders in young adults with first‐episode psychosis.