Date Palm Status and Perspective in Morocco

Sedra, Moulay Hassan

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-9694-1_8

Cited by 49 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is a very important crop species in the Middle East and North Africa; where it plays an essential role both in generating employment and in creating equable oasis ecosystems (Jain 2012). In Morocco, the total area devoted to growing date palm is around 50,000 ha with 5.4 million trees (Sedra 2015). Unfortunately, bayoud disease caused by the soil fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp albedinis ravages a large part of this area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Somatic embryogenesis from bud and leaf explants of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cv. Najda

et al. 2017

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An efficient regeneration system through somatic embryogenesis was developed for date palm cv. Najda. Adventitious bud and proximal leaf segments cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with various combinations of auxins and cytokinins induced embryogenesis after at least 6 months of culture. Somatic embryogenesis induction seemed correlated with the type of the explant, the induction period and the auxin used. The highest rate of somatic embryogenesis (86.0%) was obtained on bud explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with 45.0 µM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and 4.5 µM kinetin or 4.5 µM 6-(dimethylallylamino) purine (2iP). Whereas, low levels of embryogenesis were obtained on media supplemented with 1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) or 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (NOA). Proximal leaf segments showed somatic embryogenesis only when cultured on media supplemented with 2,4-D or picloram. Statistical analysis revealed significant effects of explant type and plant growth regulators (PGRs) combination on somatic embryogenesis. Somatic embryos were germinated successfully on PGR-free MS medium with or without activated charcoal (50.0-60.0 and 26.6-36.6%, respectively), and 80.0% of plantlets survived after transferring to a glasshouse for 6 months. Our results will be useful for large-scale propagation of date palm cv. Najda, characterized by high fruit quality and bayoud disease resistance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As far as cv. Najda is concerned, more than 800,000 plants were produced and distributed to farmers (Sedra 2015). However, organogenesis has lower multiplication efficiency than somatic embryogenesis, and rehabilitating areas ravaged by bayoud would require several million trees (Ferry 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatic embryogenesis from bud and leaf explants of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cv. Najda

et al. 2017

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“…Date palm vascular wilt, known as bayoud disease, is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis (Foa) and is regarded as the most economically-serious disease of date palm in North Africa (Sedra and Besri, 1994;Sedra, 2003Sedra, , 2015a. It was fi rst reported in Morocco 1870 (Toutain, 1965), widespread to Algeria and was discovered in Mauritania in 1999 (Sedra, 2003(Sedra, , 2015b.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of resistance cultivars with good fruit quality is the most important method for restoring the decimated groves and has been given high priority in Moroccan date-palm breeding programs. Sedra (1995Sedra ( , 1997Sedra ( , 2011Sedra ( , 2015a selected and characterized new resistant strains with good fruit qualities and distributed them to farmers, for example cvs. Najda, Al-Amal, Sedrat, Bourrihane, Al-Fayda and Daraaouia (Sedra, 2003(Sedra, , 2011(Sedra, , 2012(Sedra, , 2015a.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A relationship between Bayoud disease severity and toxin susceptibility of date palm cultivars

Oubraim¹,

Sedra

Lazrek³

2016

Emir. J. Food Agric

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The Bayoud disease, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis (Foa, constitutes a serious threat to the date palm plantations in Morocco, Algeria and Mauritania. Three isolates of Foa were in vivo and in vitro examined for their pathogenicity and effect of culture fi ltrate phytotoxicicity. Our results indicated that, the agressivity of Foa strains was related to the effect observed with their culture fi ltrate and toxic fraction FII, which contains fusaric acid as a major compound, on detached leaves and seedling of date palm susceptible cultivars. This relationship between pathogenity and phytotoxic effect raises the question of the role of those phytotoxic compounds on beyond pathogenicity, and consequently their key role on breeding for resistance.

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“…Moreover, dates offer significant agro-food opportunities [2]. Palm vascular wilt, known as Bayoud disease, is one of the most serious fungal pathogens of date palms in North Africa, and the highest economically severe disease of date palm in that region [3]. The disease was first reported in Morocco in 1870 [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenic and molecular detection of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>albedinis</i> isolates from different areas in southwest Algeria

Benlarbi¹,

Bellahcene²,

Mebarki³

et al. 2018

Trop. J. Pharm Res

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Purpose: To investigate the intra-specific variations in eleven Fusarium oxysporum isolates from infected date palm using pathogenicity and molecular methods. Methods: Eleven isolates of Fusarium oxysporum obtained from infected date palms in the southwest region of Algeria were subjected to confirmatory test using a specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique with the primer pairs, TL3-FOA28 and BIO3-FOA1. Polymorphism in the 5' domain of the large subunit rRNA was investigated. Small libraries of the domain, amplified by the primer pair, LR3/LROR, were constructed and the inserts sequenced. Results: The 11 isolates of Fusarium oxysporum collected from the infected date palm were confirmed as Fusarium oxysporun f. sp albedinis. Results from the investigation of polymorphism in the 5' domain of the large subunit rRNA revealed that the sequences were 100 % homologous or extremely close (> 99.4 %, differing by no more than one to three nucleotides) to several Fusarium oxysporum sequences. In addition, F. inflexum (U34548.1) was highly homologous to one of the F. oxysporum f. sp. albedinis. Conclusion: The sequences of the 11 isolates are almost 100 % homologous to several F. oxysporum species. It is noteworthy that a sequence highly homologous to one of the F. oxysporum f. sp. albedinis is obtainable from a different species, F. inflexum (U34548.1).

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Date Palm Status and Perspective in Morocco

Cited by 49 publications

References 26 publications

Somatic embryogenesis from bud and leaf explants of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cv. Najda

Somatic embryogenesis from bud and leaf explants of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cv. Najda

A relationship between Bayoud disease severity and toxin susceptibility of date palm cultivars

Pathogenic and molecular detection of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>albedinis</i> isolates from different areas in southwest Algeria

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