Database of Ice-Rich Yedoma Permafrost (IRYP)

Strauß, Jens; Laboor, Sebastian; Fedorov, Alexander N.; Fortier, Daniel; Froese, Duane G.; Fuchs, Matthias; Grosse, Guido; Günther, Frank; Harden, J. W.; Hugelius, Gustaf; Kanevskiy, Mikhail; Kholodov, Alexander; Kunitsky, V.; Kraev, Gleb; Lapointe-Elmrabti, Lyna; Lozhkin, Anatoly; Rivkina, Elizaveta; Robinson, Joel E.; Schirrmeister, Lutz; Shmelev, Denis; Shur, Yuri; Siegert, Christine; Spektor, Valentin V.; Ulrich, Mathias; Vartanyan, Sergey; Veremeeva, Alexandra; Anthony, K. M. Walter; Zimov, S. A.

doi:10.1594/pangaea.861733

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Data is distributed into groups that contain an equal number of values based on the quantile classification method. Dark green-shaded areas on land show the extent of Ice Complex deposits (Strauss et al, 2016). mouths of the two largest rivers (i.e., Lena for LS and WESS; Kolyma for EESS), however, did not result in a substantially stronger relationship (R 2 = 0.42) compared to DS (R 2 = 0.36).…”

Section: Spatial Distribution Of Terrigenous Om On the Esasmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Molecular‐Multiproxy Assessment of Land‐Derived Organic Matter Degradation Over Extensive Scales of the East Siberian Arctic Shelf Seas

Pereira

Wild

Martens

et al. 2022

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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Global warming triggers permafrost thaw, which increases the release of terrigenous organic matter (terr-OM) to the Arctic Ocean by coastal erosion and rivers. Terrigenous OM degradation in the Arctic Ocean contributes to greenhouse gas emissions and severe ocean acidification, yet the vulnerability of different terr-OM components is poorly resolved. Here, terr-OM degradation dynamics are studied with unprecedented spatial coverage over the World's largest shelf sea system-the East Siberian Arctic Shelf (ESAS), using a multi-proxy molecular biomarker approach. Mineral-surface-area-normalized concentrations of terr-OM compounds in surface sediments decreases offshore. Differences between terr-OM compound classes (lignin phenols, high-molecular weight [HMW] n-alkanes, n-alkanoic acids and n-alkanols, sterols, 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acids, cutin acids) reflect contrasting influence of sources, propensity to microbial degradation and association with sedimenting particles, with lignin phenols disappearing 3-times faster than total terr-OM, and twice faster than other biomarkers. Molecular degradation proxies support substantial terr-OM degradation across the ESAS, with clearest trends shown by: 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid/vanillyl phenol ratios, acid-to-aldehyde ratios of syringyl and vanillyl phenols, Carbon Preference Indices of HMW n-alkyl compounds and sitostanol/β-sitosterol. The combination of terr-OM biomarker data with δ 13 C/Δ 14 C-based source apportionment indicates that the more degraded state of lignin is influenced by the relative contribution of river-transported terr-OM from surface soils, while HMW n-alkanoic acids and stigmasterol are influenced by erosion-derived terr-OM from Ice Complex deposits. Our findings demonstrate differences in vulnerability to degradation between contrasting terr-OM pools, and underscore the need to consider molecular properties for understanding and modeling of large-scale biogeochemical processes of the permafrost carbon-climate feedback.Plain Language Summary Permafrost soils hold a huge amount of terrigenous organic matter (terr-OM) that is increasingly decomposed to greenhouse gases in a warming climate, possibly accelerating climate change. As part of this change, permafrost thaw is expected to also enhance the transport of terr-OM to the Arctic Ocean, through intensified coastal erosion and river transport. The translocated decomposition of terr-OM in the Arctic Ocean contributes to greenhouse gas emissions and strong ocean acidification, but the vulnerability of different terr-OM components to decomposition in the Arctic Ocean is poorly understood. We here investigate terr-OM degradation dynamics on the World's largest shelf sea system, the East Siberian Arctic Shelf, using a multi-proxy molecular approach to marine surface sediments. A range of terr-OM-specific biomarkers (e.g., lignin, high-molecular weight lipids), and molecular terr-OM degradation proxies were compared, and revealed substantial differences in sources, transport and degradation of different terr-OM...

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Section: Spatial Distribution Of Terrigenous Om On the Esasmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Utility Of Degradation Proxies and Spatial Distribution Of T...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular‐Multiproxy Assessment of Land‐Derived Organic Matter Degradation Over Extensive Scales of the East Siberian Arctic Shelf Seas

Pereira

Wild

Martens

et al. 2022

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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“…Discontinuous permafrost features in the area are up to 60 meters thick and are located primarily in lowlands, along north-facing slopes, and where soils or vegetation provide adequate thermal protection (Racine and Walters, 1994;Douglas et al, 2014). Permafrost at our field sites is Pleistocene syngenetic ice-rich "yedoma" formed through repeated deposition of windblown loess and organic matter (Shur and Jorgenson, 2007;Douglas et al, 2011;Strauss et al, 2016). Almost a third (181000 km 2 ) of the global yedoma permafrost is in Alaska and of that the majority is in a swath of central Alaska between the Brooks Range to the north and the Alaska Range to the south (Strauss et al, 2016).…”

Section: Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Permafrost at our field sites is Pleistocene syngenetic ice-rich "yedoma" formed through repeated deposition of windblown loess and organic matter (Shur and Jorgenson, 2007;Douglas et al, 2011;Strauss et al, 2016). Almost a third (181000 km 2 ) of the global yedoma permafrost is in Alaska and of that the majority is in a swath of central Alaska between the Brooks Range to the north and the Alaska Range to the south (Strauss et al, 2016). Carbon content in the permafrost of 2-5% (~10 kg m -3 ) is up to 30 times greater than unfrozen mineral soil (Strauss et al, 2013).…”

Section: Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Interior Alaska DoD training land wildlife habitat vulnerability to permafrost thaw, an altered fire regime, and hydrologic changes

Douglas¹,

Jorgenson²,

Genet³

et al. 2022

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Climate change and intensification of disturbance regimes are increasing the vulnerability of interior Alaska Department of Defense (DoD) training ranges to widespread land cover and hydrologic changes. This is expected to have profound impacts on wildlife habitats, conservation objectives, permitting requirements, and military training activities. The objective of this three-year research effort was to provide United States Army Alaska Garrison Fort Wainwright, Alaska (USAG-FWA) training land managers a scientific-based geospatial framework to assess wildlife habitat distribution and trajectories of change and to identify vulnerable wildlife species whose habitats and resources are likely to decline in response to permafrost degradation, changing wildfire regimes, and hydrologic reorganization projected to 2100. We linked field measurements, data synthesis, repeat imagery analyses, remote sensing measurements, and model simulations focused on land cover dynamics and wildlife habitat characteristics to identify suites of wildlife species most vulnerable to climate change. From this, we created a robust database linking vegetation, soil, and environmental characteristics across interior Alaska training ranges. The framework used is designed to support decision making for conservation management and habitat monitoring, land use, infrastructure development, and adaptive management across the interior Alaska DoD cantonment and training land domain.

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“…The ESAS also shows particularly high CO 2 concentration and ocean acidification, possibly linked to CO 2 production during the decomposition of organic matter transported from land 32 . The large extent of subsea permafrost on the Arctic Ocean shelves and 1 and terrestrial 69 permafrost, including Ice Complex deposits 70 . Detailed maps show b the Buor-Khaya Bay, with subsea permafrost drill sites described in this (4D-13, 2D-13, 4D-12, 1D-14, 5D-13) and a previous study (BK-2) 28 , and even more detailed, c Muostakh Island, with subsea permafrost drill sites of cores 4D-13, 2D-13, and 4D-12.…”

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confidence: 99%

Organic matter composition and greenhouse gas production of thawing subsea permafrost in the Laptev Sea

et al. 2022

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Subsea permafrost represents a large carbon pool that might be or become a significant greenhouse gas source. Scarcity of observational data causes large uncertainties. We here use five 21-56 m long subsea permafrost cores from the Laptev Sea to constrain organic carbon (OC) storage and sources, degradation state and potential greenhouse gas production upon thaw. Grain sizes, optically-stimulated luminescence and biomarkers suggest deposition of aeolian silt and fluvial sand over 160 000 years, with dominant fluvial/alluvial deposition of forest- and tundra-derived organic matter. We estimate an annual thaw rate of 1.3 ± 0.6 kg OC m−2 in subsea permafrost in the area, nine-fold exceeding organic carbon thaw rates for terrestrial permafrost. During 20-month incubations, CH4 and CO2 production averaged 1.7 nmol and 2.4 µmol g−1 OC d−1, providing a baseline to assess the contribution of subsea permafrost to the high CH4 fluxes and strong ocean acidification observed in the region.

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Database of Ice-Rich Yedoma Permafrost (IRYP)

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Molecular‐Multiproxy Assessment of Land‐Derived Organic Matter Degradation Over Extensive Scales of the East Siberian Arctic Shelf Seas

Molecular‐Multiproxy Assessment of Land‐Derived Organic Matter Degradation Over Extensive Scales of the East Siberian Arctic Shelf Seas

Interior Alaska DoD training land wildlife habitat vulnerability to permafrost thaw, an altered fire regime, and hydrologic changes

Organic matter composition and greenhouse gas production of thawing subsea permafrost in the Laptev Sea

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