Data Resource Profile: Children Looked After Return (CLA)

Grath-Lone, Louise Mc; Harron, Katie; Dearden, Lorraine; Nasim, Bilal; Gilbert, Ruth

doi:10.1093/ije/dyw117

Cited by 28 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…We used the National Pupil Database (NPD) 3. All children in state-funded education in England are included in the database, which is linked to the children looked after (CLA) return4 and the children in need (CiN) census 5. Because being enrolled in school was necessary to observe whether a child received SEN provision, we excluded 72 302 (13%) children who were not enrolled in any year between 2005/2006 and 2015/2016.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Special educational needs, social care and health

Jay

Gilbert

2020

Arch Dis Child

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Better understanding of the proportion of children who ever receive special educational needs (SEN) provision or social care services during school years is highly relevant for healthcare as reductions in one or more of these services could impact on healthcare. Using the National Pupil Database linked to the all-of-England children looked after return and children in need census, we estimated the cumulative incidence of SEN status among (1) children ever in care during school, (2) children in need but not care, and (3) neither. We observed a very high proportion of children who were in care or need during school years had SEN provision at some point (83% and 65%, respectively), and that a high proportion of children in neither of these groups did so, too (37%). Healthcare, SEN provision and social care services focus on a similar population of children. Better integration of these services could lead to synergies and cost-efficiencies and better support for these children and their families.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CLA return covers all care episodes in England. These are children removed from the home by the local authority, with or without parental consent, mainly because of serious welfare concerns 4. Data were linkable from 1 September 2005 to 31 March 2016 (the end date of our data extract).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Special educational needs, social care and health

Jay

Gilbert

2020

Arch Dis Child

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“…Data on children who are looked-after, or have been referred as a child in need, are collected annually via the Children Looked-After (CLA) Data Return23 and the Children in Need (CIN) Census 24. The CIN Census covers all children referred to children’s social services even if no further action is taken.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early life adversity, contact with children’s social care services and educational outcomes at age 16 years: UK birth cohort study with linkage to national administrative records

et al. 2019

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ObjectivesTo use record linkage of birth cohort and administrative data to study educational outcomes of children who are looked-after (in public care) and in need (social services involvement), and examine the role of early life factors.Setting, designProspective observational study of children from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), which recruited pregnant women in and around Bristol, UK in the early 1990s. ALSPAC was linked to the annual Children Looked-After (CLA) Data Return and Children In Need (CIN) Census. Educational outcomes at 16 years were obtained through linkage to the National Pupil Database (NPD). These included passing 5+ good GCSEs (grades A*-C, including English and Maths). Covariates included early life adversity and social position.Participants12 868 ALSPAC participants were linked to the NPD. The sample for the main educational outcomes analyses comprised 9545 children from the ALSPAC core sample who had complete education data.ResultsOverall, of the 12 868 ALSPAC participants linked to NPD data, 137 had a CLA record and a further 209 a CIN record during adolescence. These children were more disadvantaged than their peers and had little active study participation beyond infancy. In the main educational outcomes analyses, achievement of 5+ good GCSEs was low in the CLA (OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.35) and CIN (0.11, 0.05 to 0.27) groups relative to their peers. Measured early life factors explained little of this difference.ConclusionsData linkage enabled the study of educational outcomes in children with social services contact. These children had substantially worse educational outcomes relative to their peers, for reasons likely to be multifactorial.

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“…If they are, they are linkable using the PMR. Both the children looked after and children in need datasets are subject to their own data resource profiles [14,15] and were studied as part of the Nuffield Family Justice Observatory data scoping study [16]. • Tier 2 (highly sensitive that requires justification as to why the data item is needed)…”

Section: Social Care Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Data Resource: the National Pupil Database (NPD)

Jay

McGrath-Lone

Gilbert

2019

IJPDS

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IntroductionThe National Pupil Database (NPD) is a record-level administrative data resource curated by the UK government’s Department for Education that is used for funding purposes, school performance tables, policy making, and research. ProcessesData are sourced from schools, exam awarding bodies, and local authorities who collect data on an on-going basis and submit to the Department for Education either termly or yearly. Data contentsNPD contains child-level and school-level data on all pupils in state schools in England (6.6 million in the 2016/17 academic year). The primary module is the census, which has information on characteristics and school enrolment. Other modules include alternative provision, exam attainment, absence and exclusions. Data from children’s social care are also available on children referred for support and those who become looked after. Children’s records are linkable across different modules and across time using a nationally unique, anonymised child-level identifier. Linkage to external datasets has also been accomplished using child-level identifiers. ConclusionsThe NPD is an especially valuable data resource for researchers interested in the educational experience and outcomes of children and young people in England. Although limited by the fact that children in private schools or who are home schooled are not included, it provides a near-complete picture of school trajectories and outcomes for the majority of children. Linkage to other datasets can enhance analyses and provide answers to questions that would otherwise be costly, time consuming and difficult to find.

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Data Resource Profile: Children Looked After Return (CLA)

Cited by 28 publications

References 17 publications

Special educational needs, social care and health

Special educational needs, social care and health

Early life adversity, contact with children’s social care services and educational outcomes at age 16 years: UK birth cohort study with linkage to national administrative records

Data Resource: the National Pupil Database (NPD)

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