Data Resource: Children Receiving Care and Support and Children in Need, administrative records in Wales.

Lee, Alexandra; Elliott, Martin; Scourfield, Jonathan; Bedston, Stuart; Broadhurst, Karen; Ford, David; Griffiths, Lucy J

doi:10.23889/ijpds.v7i1.1694

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The UPN is only recorded for school-aged children, predominantly those over four years old, though some children (e.g. those eligible for the Flying Start programme) may have a UPN when they are as young as two years old [ 16 , 17 ]. The change in the legal framework from the 1989 Act to the 2014 Act has led to the modification of the information collected in some fields, with ethnicity recorded post-2014 Act being placed in much broader categories than earlier collections.…”

Section: Children Looked After Datasetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly to the Welsh Children In Need (CIN) and Children in Receipt of Care and Support (CRCS) censuses [ 17 ], the Children Looked After collection also records the main reason a child receives care and support services. Children captured in the Children Looked After census will generally be included in the CIN or CRCS censuses, provided they meet the date criteria for inclusion in these <cite our paper>, and therefore will also have their need for care and support recorded there.…”

Section: Children Looked After Datasetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Data resource profile: children looked after administrative records in Wales

Allnatt

Lee

Scourfield

et al. 2022

IJPDS

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IntroductionChildren who are 'looked after' by the State are considered one of the most vulnerable groups in society. Being in State care is associated with poor social, educational and health outcomes. Exploring how to improve the system and better support children in care is key to improving these outcomes. When children and young people come to the attention of children's social services a significant amount of information about their care experience is routinely collected by local authorities. In Wales, routine data are captured in the 'Children Looked After' Census which is submitted annually to the Welsh Government and has recently been shared with the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) Databank. MethodThe aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the main 'Children Looked After' Census dataset and its subsets. These datasets contain rich, situational and individual level data on children looked after, such as information on placement types, education and leaving care. We outline the strengths and limitations of the available information and how to access the data. ResultsThe 'Children Looked After' Census has recently been made available for research purposes and access to it will enable researchers to explore and understand at population level the journey through the care system and outcomes of leaving care. There is also the opportunity, through the SAIL Databank, for data linkage to health, education and family justice datasets, allowing research to holistically explore other factors associated with being in care. ConclusionThese data provide a rich source of information about children and young people who have been in care in Wales. They offer researchers opportunities to better understand the care system and outcomes for this within it. Findings will have important implications for making improvements in children's social care policy and practice.

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Section: Children Looked After Datasetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Children Looked After Datasetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data resource profile: children looked after administrative records in Wales

Allnatt

Lee

Scourfield

et al. 2022

IJPDS

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Validation of immunisation flags showed around 70% of immunisation flags were potentially correct. Some previous studies have examined immunisation rates of looked after children in comparison with the general population, but few have included other groups of children receiving statutory social work services (21). Of the few studies that have focused on immunisations in children 'looked-after, ' previous work has consistently demonstrated that this population are less likely to be up-to-date with their immunisations compared to children not in care (4,9,32,33), with the exception of one study which reported that children 'looked-after' are more likely to be fully immunised against MMR (84%) compared to not 'looked-after' children (80.8%) (34).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunisation status of children receiving care and support in Wales: a national data linkage study

Bailey,

Lee,

Bedford

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundIn the UK, a robust childhood immunisation programme ensures children are offered protection against serious infections; identifying inequalities in vaccination coverage is essential. This is one of the first data linkage studies to examine coverage of primary, as well as pre-school booster and second dose of MMR vaccines, in children receiving support from social care services across Wales.MethodsBy accessing records held within the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) Databank, vaccination status of children receiving social care and support between April 2016 and March 2021 (n = 24,540) was ascertained. This was achieved through linkage of the Children Receiving Care and Support (CRCS) Census and National Community Child Health Database which holds vaccination records for all children in Wales registered for NHS care. This sample was split into three groups – those children who had never been recorded on the Child Protection Register (CPR) or as ‘Looked After’ but in CRCS (n = 12,480), children ever on the CPR (n = 6,225) and those ever recorded as ‘Looked After’ but who were never on the CPR (n = 5,840). The comparison group of children and young people (CYP) never receiving welfare support consisted of 624,905 children.ResultsChildren receiving care or support were more likely to be up-to-date with all six vaccines (no recorded vaccines: 0.6–6.3%) compared to children in the comparison group (no recorded vaccines: 3–10.3%). However, of those who were vaccinated, they were less likely to be vaccinated in a timely manner; both early (5.2% vs. 22.2%; margin of error [ME] = 0.52, 95% CI [confidence interval] = −0.18 – −0.17, p < 0.001) and delayed vaccinations were more common (62.7% vs. 71.3%; ME = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.08–0.09, p < 0.001). Validation of the CRCS immunisation flag showed moderate levels of accuracy. Around 70% of immunisation flags were correct across all three groups.DiscussionFindings suggest a positive association between receiving services under a care and support plan and being up-to-date with immunisations; children receiving support under a care and support plan were more likely to have experienced early or late vaccinations, demonstrating that there is still more inter-disciplinary co-ordination and planning needed to improve these outcomes. Thus, identifying inequalities in vaccination coverage is essential to target interventions and to prioritise geographic areas for catch-up.

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“…Information on date of birth and sex assigned at birth was obtained from the Welsh Demographic Service Dataset (WDSD), which is a demographics register of people registered with a general practice (GP) in Wales. Children Wales (LACW), and Children in Need Wales (CINW) census data (Lee et al, 2022).…”

Section: Methods Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Information on ethnicity came from the Office for National Statistics (ONS) Census 2011: Welsh Records (CENW), covering 68.9% of the study population. Information on young people who have had contact with social services came from linked databases held by Welsh Government, including the Children Receiving Care and Support (CRCS), Looked After Children Wales (LACW), and Children in Need Wales (CINW) census data (Lee et al, 2022).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in ADHD diagnosis and clinical care: A national study of population healthcare records in Wales

Martin,

Langley,

Cooper

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Population-based studies have observed sex biases in the diagnosis and treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Females are less likely to be diagnosed or prescribed ADHD medication. This study uses national healthcare records, to investigate sex differences in diagnosis and clinical care in young people with ADHD, particularly regarding recognition and treatment of other mental health conditions. Method: The cohort included individuals diagnosed with ADHD, born between 1989 and 2013 and living in Wales between 2000 and 2019. Routine primary and secondary healthcare record data were used to derive diagnoses of ADHD and other neurodevelopmental and mental health conditions, as well as ADHD and antidepressant medications. Demographic variables included ethnicity, socioeconomic deprivation, and contact with social services. Results: There were 16,458 individuals diagnosed with ADHD (20.3% females, ages 3-30 years), with a male-to-female ratio of 3.9:1. Higher ratios (4.8:1) were seen in individuals diagnosed younger (<12 years), with the lowest ratio (1.9:1) in those diagnosed as adults (>18). Males were younger at first recorded ADHD diagnosis (mean=10.9 vs 12.6 years), more likely to be prescribed ADHD medication, and younger at diagnosis of co-occurring neurodevelopmental conditions. In contrast, females were more likely to receive a diagnosis of anxiety, depression, or another mental health condition and to be prescribed antidepressant medications, prior to ADHD diagnosis. These sex differences were largely stable across demographic groups. Conclusion: This study adds to the evidence base that females with ADHD are experiencing later recognition and treatment of ADHD. The results indicate that this may be partly because of diagnostic over-shadowing from other mental health conditions, such as anxiety and depression, or initial misdiagnosis. Further research and dissemination of findings to the public are needed to improve awareness, timely diagnosis, and treatment of ADHD in females.

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Data Resource: Children Receiving Care and Support and Children in Need, administrative records in Wales.

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Data resource profile: children looked after administrative records in Wales

Data resource profile: children looked after administrative records in Wales

Immunisation status of children receiving care and support in Wales: a national data linkage study

Sex differences in ADHD diagnosis and clinical care: A national study of population healthcare records in Wales

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